GDI+ Namespaces and Classes in .NET


In the .NET Framework library, six namespaces define managed GDI+: System.Drawing, System.Drawing.Design, System.Drawing.Drawing2D, System.Drawing.Imaging, system.Drawing.Printing, and System.Drawing.Text. Figure 1.3 shows these namespaces. To use any of the classes defined in these namespaces, you must include them in your application.

NOTE

The .NET Framework class library is also referred as the .NET runtime class library or base class library (BCL).

This section will provide an overview of GDI+ namespaces, their contents, and why and when to use them.

Figure 1.3.jpg

FIGURE 1.3: The GDI+ namespaces in the .NET Framework Library

The System.Drawing Namespace

The System.Drawing namespace defines basic GDI+ functionality. This namespace contains the Graphics class, which provides methods for filling and drawing graphics objects. It also provides classes that encapsulate GDI+ primitives such as rectangles, points, brushes, and pens. Brush and its derived classes are use to fill interiors of graphics objects such as ellipses, rectangles, and polygons with the specified color and pattern. The Pen class is used to draw lines and curves with s specified color.

Table 1.1 briefly describes the classes of the System.Drawing namespace.

The System.Drawing namespace also contains some structures that we will be using throughout the article. These structures are CharacterRange, Color, Point, PointF, Rectangle, RectangleF, Size, and SizeF.

TABLE 1.1: System.Drawing classes


Class

Description

Bitmap

Encapsulates a bitmap, which is an image (with its properties) stored in pixel format.

Brush

An abstract base class that cannot be instantiated directly. The Brush class provides functionality used by its derived brush class and represents a brush graphics object. A brush is used to fill the interior of a graphical shape with a specified color.

Brushes

Represents brushes with all the standard colors. This class has a static member for each standard color. For example, Brushes.Blue represents a blue brush.

ColorConverter

Provides methods and properties to convert colors from one type to another.

ColorTranslator

Provides various methods to translate color from one type to another.

Font

Provides members to define the format of font text, name, face, size and styles. The Font class also provides methods to create a Font object from a window handle to a device context or window handle.

Fontconverter

Provides members that convert fonts from one type to another.

FontFamily

Defines a group of typefaces having a similar basic design and certain variations in styles.

Graphics

A key class that encapsulates drawing surfaces. Among many other things, the Graphics class provides members to draw and fill graphical objects.

Icon

Represents a Window icon. The Icon class provides members to define the size, width, and height of an icon.

IconConverter

Provides members to convert an Icon object from one type to another.

Image

Provides members to define the size, height, width, and format of an image. The Image class also provides methods to create Image objects from a file, a window handle, or a stream; and to save, rotate, and flip images. It is an abstract base class, and its functionality is used though its derived classes: Bitmap, Icon, and Metafile.

ImageAnimator

Provides methods to start and stop animation, and to update frames for an image that has time-based frames.

ImageConvertor

Provides members to convert Image objects from one type to another.

ImageFormatConvertor

Defines members that can be used to convert images from one format to another.

Pen

Define a pen with a specified color and width. A pen is used to draw graphical objects such as a line, a rectangle, a curve, or an ellipse.

Pens

Provides static members for all the standard colors. For example, Pens.Red represents a red pen.

PointConverter

Defines members that can be used to convert Point objects from one type to another.

Rectangle.Converter

Defines members that can be used to convert Rectangle objects from one type to another.

Region

Represents a region in GDI+, which describes the interior of a graphic shape.

SizeConverter

Defines members that can be used to convert size from one type to another.

SolidBrush

Inherited from the Brush class. This class defines a solid brush of a single color.

StringFormat

Provides members to define text format, including alignment, trimming and line spacing, display manipulations, and OpenType features.

SystemBrushes

Defines static properties. Each property is a SolidBrush object with a Windows display element such as Highlight, HighlightText, or ActiveBorder.

SystemColors

Defines static properties of a Color structure.

SystemIcons

Defines static properties for Windows systemwide icons.

SystemPens

Defines static properties. Each property is a Pen object with the color of a Windows display element and a width of 1.

TextureBrush

Inherited from the Brush class. This class defines a brush that has an image as its texture.

ToolboxBitmapAttribute

Defines the images associated with a specified component.


The System.Drawing.Design Namespace

As its name suggest, the System.Drawing.Design namespace provides additional functionality to develop design-time controls such as custom toolbox items, graphics editors, and type converters. The classes of the System.Drawing.Design namespace are described briefly in Table 1.2.

Beside the classes discussed in Table 1.2, the System.Drawing.Design namespace also define a few interfaces, delegates, and enumerations. Table 1.3 lists the interfaces defined in the namespace.

The System.Drawing.Drawing2D Namespace

The System.Drawing.Drawing2D Namespace defines functionality to develop advanced two-dimensional and vector graphics applications. This namespace provides classes for graphics containers, blending, advanced brushes, matrices, and transformation. Table 1.4 briefly describes these classes.

Beside the classes discussed in Table 1.4, the System.Drawing.Drawing2D Namespace provides dozens of enumerations.

The System.Drawing.Imaging Namespace

Basic imaging functionality is defined in the System.Drawing.Imaging namespace. The System.Drawing.Imaging namespace provides functionality for advanced imaging. Before an application uses classes from this namespace, it must reference the System.Drawing.Imaging namespace.

Table 1.5 briefly describes the classes of the System.Drawing.Imaging namespace.

The System.Drawing.Printing Namespace

The System.Drawing.Printing namespace defines printing-related classes and types in GDI+. Before an application uses classes from this namespace, it must include the namespace.

Table 1.6 briefly discusses the classes provided by the System.Drawing.Printing namespace.

The System.Drawing.Text Namespace

The System.Drawing.Text namespace contains only a few classes related to advanced GDI+ typography functionality. Before an application uses classes from this namespace, it must include the namespace. Table 1.7 describes these classes.

TABLE 1.2: System.Drawing.Design classes


Class

Description

BitmapEditor

User interface (UI) for selecting bitmaps using a Properties window.

CategoryNameCollection

Collection of categories.

FontEditor

UI for selecting and configuring fonts.

ImageEditor

UI for selecting images in a Properties window.

PaintValueEventArgs

Provides data for the PaintValue event.

PropertyValueUIItem

Provides information about the property value UI for a property.

ToolboxComponents-
CareatedEventArgs

Provides data for the ComponentsCreated event, which occurs when components are added to the toolbox.

ToolboxComponents-CreateingEventArgs

Provides data for the ComponentsCreating event, which occurs when components are added to the toolbox.

Toolbox Item

Provides a base implementation of a toolbox item.

ToolboxItemCollection

Collection of toolbox items.

UITypeEditor

Provides a base class that can be used to design value editors.


TABLE 1.3: System.Drawing.Design Interfaces

Interface

Description

IPopertyValueUIService

Manages the property list of the Properties windows.

ItoolboxService

Provides access to the toolbox.

ItoolboxUSer

Test the toolbox for toolbox item support capabilities and selects the current tool.


TABLE 1.4: System.Drawing.Drawing2D Classes

Class

Description

AdjustableArrowCap

Represents an adjustable arrow-shaped line cap. Provides members to define the properties to fill, and to set the height and width of an arrow cap.

Blend

Gradient blends are used to provide smoothness and shading to the interiors of shapes. A blend patter contains factor and pattern arrays, which define the position and percentage of colors of the starting and ending colors. The Blend class defines a blend pattern, which uses LinearGradientBrush to fill the shapes. The Factors and Positions properties represent the array of blend factors and array of positions for the gradient, respectively.

ColorBlend

Define color blending in multicolor gradients. The Color and Position properties represent the color array and position array, respectively.

CustomLineCap

Encapsulates a custom, user-defined line cap.

GraphicsContainer

Represents the data of a graphics container. A graphics container is created by Graphics. BeginContainer followed by a call to Graphics.EndContainter.

GraphicsPath

In GDI+, a path is a series of connected lines and curves. This class provides properties to define the path's fill mode and other properties. This class also defines methods to add graphics shapes to a path.

For instance, the AddArc and AddCurve methods add an arc and a curve, respectively, to the path. Wrap, Transform, Reverse, and Reset are some of the associated methods.

GraphicsPathIteratpr

A path can contain subpaths. This class provides the ability to find the number of subpaths and iterate through them. Count and Subpathcount return the number of points and the number of subpaths in a path, respectively.

GraphicsState

Represents the state of a Graphics object.

HatchBrush

Hatch brushes are brushes with a hatch style, a foreground color, and a background color, This class represents a hatch brush in GDI+

LinerGradientBrush

Represents a brush with a linear gradient.

Matrix

Encapsulates a 3x3 matrix that represents a geometric transformation. This class defines methods for inverting, multiplying, resetting, rotating, scaling, shearing, and translating matrices.

PathData

Contains the data in the form of points and types that makes up a path. The Points property of the class represents an array of points, and the Types property represents the types of the points in a path.

PathGradientBrush

Represents a brush with a graphics path. PathGradientBrush contains methods and properties for blending, wrapping, scaling and transformation. This class encapsulates a Brush object that fills the interior of a GraphicsPath object with a gradient.

RegionData

Represents the data stored by a Region object. The Data property of this class represents the data in the form of an array of bytes.


TABLE 1.5: System.Drawing.Imaging classes

Class

Description

BitmapData

Often we don't want to load and refresh all data of a bitmap because rendering each pixel is not only a slow process, but also consumes system resources. With the help of the BitmapData class and its LockBits and UnlockBits methods we can lock the required data of a bitmap in memory and work with that instead of working with all the data.

ColorMap

Defines a map for converting colors. ColorMap is used by the ImageAttributes class.

ColorMatrix

Defines a 5x5 matrix that contains coordinates for the ARGB space. ColorMatrix is used by the ImageAttributes class.

ColorPalette

Defines an array of colors that make up a color palette. ColorPalette is used by the ImageAttributes class.

Encoder

Represents an encoder, which represents a globally unique identifier (GUID) that identifies the category of an image encode parameter. Encoder is used by the EncoderParameter class.

EncoderParameter

An encoder parameter, which sets value for a particular category of an image. This class is used in the Save method with the help of EncoderParameters.

EncoderParameters

An array of EncoderParameter objects.

FrameDimension

Provides properties to get the frame dimensions of an image.

ImageAttributes

Contains information about how image colors are manipulated during rendering.

ImageCodecInfo

Retrieves information about the installed image codes.

ImageFormat

Specifies the format of an image.

Metafile

Defines a graphic metafile, which contains graphics operations in the form of records that can be recorded (constructed) and played back (displayed).

MetafileHeader

Stores information about a metafile.

MetaHeader

Contains information about a Windows-format (WMF) metafile.

PropertyItem

Encapsulates a metadata property to be included in an image file.

WmfPlaceableFileHeader

Defines a placeable metafile.


TABLE 1.6: System.Drawing.Printing Classes

Class

Description

Margins

Specifies the margins of a painted page. The Bottom, Left, Right, and Top properties are used to get and set the bottom, left, right and top margins, respectively, of a page in hundredths of an inch.

MarginsConverter

Provides methods to convert margins, including CanConvertForm, CanConvertTo, ConvertFrom, and ConverTo.

PageSettings

Specifies settings of a page, including properties such as Bounds, Color, Landscape, Margins, PaperSize, Papersource, PrinterResoultions, and PrinterSettings.

PaperSize

Specifies the paper size. Its properties include Height, Width, PaperName, and kind. The kind property is the type of paper, represented by the PaperKind enumeration, which has members that represent A3, envelopes, sheets, ledgers, and so on.

PaperSource

Specifies the paper tray from which the printer gets paper, with properties Kind and SourceName.SourceName is a type of PaperSource enumeration, which defines members based on the Kind property.

PreviewPageInfo

Provides print preview information for a single page. The Image property returns the image of the printed page, and the PhysicalSize property returns the size of the printed page in 1/1000 inch.

PreviewPrintController

Displays a document on a screen as a series of images for each page. The UseAntiAlias property gets and sets the anti-aliasing when displaying the print preview.

PrintController

Controls how a document is printed. The class provides four methods: OnStartPage, OnStartPrint, OnEndPage, and OnEndPrint.

PrintDocument

Starts the printing process. Creates an instance of this class, sets the printing properties that describe how to print, and calls the Print method to start the process.

PrinterResolution

Provides properties to return a printer resolution. The Kind, X, and Y properties return the printer resolution, horizontal resolution in dots per inch (dpi) and vertical printer resolution in dpi, respectively.

PrinterSettings

Provides methods and properties for setting how a document is printed, including the printer that prints it. Some of the common properties are MinimumPage, MaxmimumPage, Copies, MaximumCopies, PrinterName, and so on.

PrinterSettings.Paper-SizeCollection

Collection of PaperSize objects.

PrinterSettings.Paper-SourceCollection

Collection of PaperSource objects.

PrinterSettings.Printer-ResolutionCollection

Collection of PrinterResolution objects.

PrinterUnitConvert

Specifies a series of conversion methods that are useful when interoperating with the Win32 printing application program interface (API).

PrintEventArgs

Provides data for the BeginPrint and EndPrint events.

PrintingPermission

Controls access to printers.

PrintingPermission-Attribute

Allows declarative printing permission checks.

PrintPageEventArgs

Provides data for the PrintPage event.

QueryPageSettings-EventArgs

Provides data for the QueryPageSettings event.

StandardPrintController

Specifies a print controller that sends information to a printer.


TABLE 1.7: System.Drawing.Text Classes

Class

Description

Fontcollection

Abstract base class for installed and private font collections. It provides a method to get a list of the font families contained in the collection. Two derived classes from the FontCollection class are InstalledFontCollection and PrivateFontCollection.

InstalledFontCollection

Represents the fonts installed on the system.

PrivateFontCollection

Represents a collection of font families built from font files that are provided by the client application.


GDI+ is an improved version of Microsoft's graphics device interface (GDI) API. In this article we learned how GDI+ is designed for use in both managed and unmanaged code.

System.Drawing and its helper namespaces designed in the .NET Framework library provide a managed class wrapper to write managed GDI+ applications. We also learned the basic and definition of GDI+ and what major improvements are offered by GDI+ in comparison to GDI. At the end of this article, we took a quick look at the System.Drawing namespace and its subnamespaces, and classes defined in these namespaces.

Conclusion

Hope this article has helped you in understanding GDI+ Namespaces and Classes in .NET. Read my other articles on GDI+ on this site.


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