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Resources
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Value Types vs Reference Types in C#: The Concept Every .NET Developer Must Master
Jul 19, 2026.
Master C# Value vs. Reference Types: Understand data storage, copying, and memory management for efficient .NET development.
Getting SharePoint List Data in SPFx WebPart using JavaScript and REST API
Jun 02, 2026.
This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide to building a SharePoint Framework (SPFx) web part that retrieves and displays SharePoint list data using JavaScript and the REST API. You’ll learn how to set up your SPFx project, configure REST endpoints, and use JavaScript method to call SharePoint’s APIs. The blog also covers best practices for handling JSON responses, error management, and rendering list items dynamically in your web part UI. By the end, you’ll have a working SPFx solution that connects seamlessly with SharePoint lists, making your web parts more interactive and data-driven.
What is the difference between struct and class in C# with performance comparison?
Apr 22, 2026.
Unlock C# performance! Explore struct vs. class differences: memory, speed, and use cases. Optimize your .NET apps with the right choice for efficiency.
Difference Between ref and out Parameters in C# with Examples?
Apr 20, 2026.
Unlock the power of ref and out parameters in C#! Master passing arguments by reference, modifying existing values with ref, and returning multiple values with out. Enhance your C# coding skills!
What is the Difference Between Record Struct and Class in C#?
Apr 08, 2026.
Unlock the secrets of C#! Learn the key differences between record struct and class for optimal performance and maintainability. Master data type selection!
How to Fix “Object Reference Not Set to an Instance of an Object” in C#?
Mar 31, 2026.
Master the dreaded 'Object reference not set' error in C#! Learn to identify, fix, and prevent NullReferenceExceptions with practical C# and ASP.NET Core examples.
What is Boxing and Unboxing in C#?
Mar 26, 2026.
Understand C#'s boxing and unboxing: converting between value and reference types. Learn how they impact performance and how to optimize your code for efficiency.
Nullable Reference Types in C# – Eliminating the Billion-Dollar Mistake
Mar 02, 2026.
C#'s Nullable Reference Types (NRT) combat the infamous "billion-dollar mistake" by catching null reference exceptions at compile time, boosting code reliability and maintainability.
How to Fix “Undefined Reference to main” Error in C
Feb 20, 2026.
Fix the "undefined reference to main" error in C! This guide provides a step-by-step solution to this common C compiler issue, covering causes and fixes. Perfect for beginners!
MongoDB Schema Design Best Practices for Real Applications
Jan 30, 2026.
Master MongoDB schema design! Learn embedding vs. referencing for optimal performance, scalability, and maintainability. Ace your interviews with real-world examples.
Reference Architecture for an AI Control Plane: The Technical Blueprint for Governed Agentic AI
Jan 16, 2026.
Architecting a secure AI control plane for governed agentic AI. This reference architecture ensures safety, auditability, and operability at scale. Learn the blueprint!
Building Production AI Agents with LLMs Using GSCP-15: A Technical Reference Architecture
Jan 16, 2026.
GSCP-15: A reference architecture for building reliable, scalable AI agents. Learn how to move beyond demos to production-ready systems with contracts, state, and verification.
Server Error in ‘/’ Application – Object Reference Not Set to an Instance of an Object
Jan 16, 2026.
Troubleshoot the 'Object reference not set to an instance of an object' error in ASP.NET. Learn to identify the cause using stack traces and implement safe, defensive coding practices with null checks to prevent runtime errors.
Autonomous AI in Enterprise: Reference Architecture, Protocols, and Implementation Blueprint
Jan 03, 2026.
Build safe, scalable autonomous AI in the enterprise! This article provides a technical reference architecture, implementation blueprint, & key protocols.
C# 14 Null-Conditional Assignment: Practical Examples and Best Practices
Dec 28, 2025.
Master C# 14's null-conditional assignment (?.=) for cleaner, safer code! Learn practical examples, best practices, and when to use (or avoid) this powerful feature. Prevent NullReferenceExceptions and improve readability.
Value Types and Reference Types in C#
Dec 28, 2025.
Unlock C# mastery! This guide clarifies value vs. reference types, impacting memory, performance, and bug prevention. Essential for efficient .NET development.
How Do I Fix “Object Reference Not Set to an Instance of an Object” in C#?
Dec 03, 2025.
Learn simple, clear, and practical ways to fix the common C# error "Object reference not set to an instance of an object." Understand why it happens, how to identify the root cause, and how to prevent it using real-world examples.
Understanding Template Reference Variables, ViewChild, and DOM Manipulation in Angular
Nov 25, 2025.
Unlock Angular DOM manipulation! Master Template Reference Variables, ViewChild, and Renderer2 for direct element access and enhanced component interaction. Build robust apps!
CSHTML (Razor) Cheat Sheet — Quick Reference for ASP.NET Core
Nov 21, 2025.
Quickly master ASP.NET Core Razor syntax with this handy cheat sheet! Covers data binding, tag helpers, loops, forms, partials, layouts, and more for efficient development.
Understanding Garbage Collection, Cyclic References, and Memory Management in C#
Oct 27, 2025.
Master C# memory management! Explore garbage collection, cyclic references, weak references, and IDisposable for efficient, leak-free .NET applications.
Understanding Garbage Collection, Cyclic References, and Memory Management in C#
Oct 27, 2025.
Master C# memory management! Explore garbage collection, cyclic references, weak references, and the IDisposable pattern for efficient, leak-free .NET apps.
Chapter 8: References, Call by Value vs. Call by Reference
Oct 23, 2025.
Unlock the power of references and parameter passing in C++! This chapter clarifies the crucial differences between call by value (copying data) and call by reference (using aliases or pointers). Learn how to efficiently modify variables directly within functions using references and pointers, and discover the benefits of const references for performance and data safety when working with large objects.
Secure Configuration for Azure Functions Using Azure Key Vault References
Oct 18, 2025.
Eliminate hardcoded secrets in Azure Functions using Azure Key Vault references for enhanced security and compliance. This guide demonstrates a real-world smart grid anomaly detection scenario, showcasing how to securely store and manage secrets like database passwords and API keys. Learn how to implement zero-trust secret management, enabling instant secret rotation without redeployment and ensuring full auditability. Protect your sensitive data and achieve compliance with industry standards.
Best Ways to Handle Null Reference Exceptions in C#
Sep 23, 2025.
This article provides practical strategies to prevent and handle NREs effectively. Learn to use null checks, the null-conditional and coalescing operators, proper object initialization, and C# 8's nullable reference types. Write robust, error-free C# code and improve application stability by anticipating and safely managing null values.
Generative AI: AI-First Data Modeling for Financial Services: From Reference Models to Intelligent Data Products
Aug 31, 2025.
Evolve financial data models for AI! Learn how to transform reference models into governed data products powering real-time analytics, ML, and LLM workflows.
From Stack to Span<T> — A Recap into C#’s Memory
Aug 18, 2025.
Explore C# memory management, from stack vs heap to structs and contiguous memory. Learn how Span<T> enables efficient slicing without allocations, optimizing performance and reducing GC overhead in modern .NET apps.
What is the EU MiCA regulation?
Aug 14, 2025.
An in-depth exploration of the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA), detailing its purpose, scope, timeline, key provisions, impacts on issuers and service providers, and emerging challenges—such as stablecoin loopholes and regulatory fragmentation.
Difference Between ref, out, and in Parameters in C#
Aug 13, 2025.
Learn the difference between ref, out, and in parameters in C#. Understand their usage, advantages, disadvantages, and see full real-world examples.
How Does Python Manage Memory?
Aug 08, 2025.
Dive into the internal memory management system of Python. Understand how Python allocates, tracks, and frees memory using techniques like reference counting, garbage collection, and memory pools.
Difference between Class and Structure in C#
Aug 06, 2025.
An in-depth look at the differences between classes and structs in C#, explaining their memory behavior, inheritance abilities, performance implications, when to use each, and real-world code examples to highlight best practices.
What are Value Types vs Reference Types in C#?
Jul 31, 2025.
Learn the difference between value types and reference types in C#. This complete guide breaks down memory allocation, performance, behavior, and code examples to help you master both.
React Rendering Demystified: Reconciliation, Batching & Memoization
Jun 27, 2025.
Learn how React optimizes performance through batching, reconciliation, and memoization using React.memo, useMemo, and useCallback key tools to reduce re-renders and build fast, efficient apps.
Understanding Garbage Collection and Cyclic References in C#
May 20, 2025.
This article explores .NET memory management, focusing on how the garbage collector handles cyclic references, and how weak references and the `IDisposable` pattern help prevent memory leaks in C# applications.
Difference Between Compilation and Runtime Errors in .NET
Apr 08, 2025.
In .NET development, errors occur at compile time or runtime. Understanding and handling compilation errors like syntax issues and runtime errors like exceptions ensures stable and reliable applications.
Understand the Concept of Shallow Copy and Deep Copy in C#
Jan 06, 2025.
Learn the difference between shallow and deep copying in C#. Explore their behavior, implementation, and use cases with practical code examples, helping you make informed decisions for object duplication scenarios.
Null Coalescing vs Null Conditional in Clean Code
Dec 24, 2024.
In this article, I will demonstrate Null Coalescing (??) and Null Conditional (?.). It is a common challenge in programming, but modern languages like C# offer elegant solutions. The null coalescing operator (??) and the null conditional operator (?.) are distinct yet complementary tools for writing clean and safe code.
C# Foundation - Nullable Types
Nov 28, 2024.
This article covers the basics, syntax, and practical use cases of nullable types, enabling you to write safer, more reliable code by avoiding null reference errors effectively.
How to Create and Use Key Vault References in .NET Core Web API
Oct 28, 2024.
Azure App Configuration allows your application to use Key Vault references by creating keys that point to values stored in Key Vault. Rather than storing sensitive data directly, App Configuration uses URIs that reference Key Vault values, ensuring security and flexibility.
User Profile Photos are Missing in the PnP People Webpart
Oct 27, 2024.
In this article, we will learn troubleshooting steps and best practices to ensure profile pictures display correctly, enhancing user experience in your SharePoint environment.
Using Attributes and Metadata in C# 12
Oct 20, 2024.
Ziggy Rafiq demonstrates how to use attributes and metadata in C# 12 including improvements in parameter types, reflection capabilities, and best practices for maintaining self-documenting code.
T-SQL Script for Purging Tables with Foreign Key References
Aug 02, 2024.
This article provides a comprehensive T-SQL script for purging tables in SQL Server, including those with foreign key references, ensuring data integrity and correct order of operations. Ideal for SQL Developers, Data Engineers, and DBAs seeking efficient data management solutions.
Sharepoint Framework Property Pane
Jun 28, 2024.
SharePoint Framework (SPFx) offers a client-side model for developing web parts and pages in SharePoint, leveraging modern web technologies and supporting seamless integration with SharePoint data.
Understanding ToString() vs Convert.ToString() in C#
May 23, 2024.
In C#, both ToString() and Convert.ToString() are used to convert objects to their string representation. However, they have different usages and behavior. Understanding the differences between these two methods can help you choose the right one for your needs.
Boxing and Unboxing in .NET C#
May 14, 2024.
In C#, boxing and unpacking are crucial ideas. Value types (int, char, etc.), Reference types (object), and Pointer types are the three forms of data in the C# type system. In essence, Unboxing does the opposite of Boxing, which transforms a Value Type variable into a Reference Type variable.
Solid Principle in C# : A Quick Reference with Example
Mar 24, 2024.
These principles guide object-oriented design for more understandable, flexible, and maintainable software. The Single Responsibility Principle suggests a class should have only one reason to change, such as a User class handling user properties but not user persistence.
Auto-Populate Azure Pipeline Variables and Connections
Mar 11, 2024.
In this article we will discuss how deployment settings file can be used to auto-populate environment variables and connection references in target environment.
A Comprehensive Guide to Nullable Reference Types in C# 10
Mar 07, 2024.
Explore a comprehensive guide to leveraging nullable reference types in C# 10 by Ziggy Rafiq, providing detailed explanations, code examples, and best practices for improving code safety and robustness. Learn how nullable reference types enable developers to catch null-related bugs at compile time, reducing the likelihood of runtime errors and enhancing code quality.
Understanding Image Gallery Web Part in SharePoint Online
Feb 11, 2024.
Understanding Image Gallery Web Part and its features and different options.
Null Handling in C# Using Null-Conditional and Coalescing Operators
Jan 25, 2024.
In C# programming, null handling is a critical consideration for robust and error-resistant code. This brief guide introduces two powerful operators, the null-conditional operator (?.) and the null-coalescing operator (??), designed to streamline null-related challenges.
Value Types vs Reference Types in C#
Nov 18, 2023.
This comprehensive guide delves into the fundamental concepts of C# data types, distinguishing between value types and reference types. Covering characteristics, pros and cons, key differences, and best practices, it offers insightful recommendations for optimal programming.
Types of Errors in Javascript
Oct 26, 2023.
Explore the diverse landscape of JavaScript errors, from syntax and reference issues to type, range, and logical errors, in this comprehensive guide to better understand, identify, and address coding issues.
Passing an argument by reference in C#
Aug 20, 2023.
This article contains useful information about how to use ref keyword in your C# program with the proper and easy to understand example.
People Web Part in SharePoint Online
Jul 03, 2023.
Use of People Web Part in SharePoint Online.
How To Use Reference And Borrowing In Rust?
Apr 25, 2023.
references and borrowing in rust, rust, references in rust
Image Gallery Web Part in SharePoint Online
Apr 04, 2023.
Use of Image Gallery Web Part in SharePoint Online.
Reference Types Are Not Passed By Reference!
Feb 20, 2023.
This article will help you to understand what are the real differences between reference and value types and how reference types behave under the hood
How To Use News Web Part In SharePoint Online
Nov 09, 2022.
Procedure of using News web part in SharePoint online.
How To Setup And Configure Quick Link Webpart In SharePoint Online
Oct 03, 2022.
In this article, you will learn how to Setup and Configure Quick Link Webpart in SharePoint Online.
Ref Vs Out And Value Type Vs Reference Type
Sep 06, 2022.
In this article, you will learn about ref vs out and value type vs reference type.
Get Current User Profile Properties In SPFx Webpart Using MS Graph API
Aug 25, 2022.
In this article I have explained how to get the current user profile properties in your SPFx webpart using Microsoft Graph API
External REST API Call from SPFx WebPart with Changeable Properties
Jul 16, 2022.
Anonymous REST API Call from SPFx React WebPart with properties from web part
Pass By Value And Pass By Reference In JavaScript😀
Jun 01, 2022.
In this article, you will learn about Pass by value & Pass by reference in JS.
How To Handle Nullable Reference In .NET 6
Apr 18, 2022.
As we know there are so many changes in .Net 6 and C# 10. This article describes one of the changes in C#10 on writing properties and objects of a class with an example.
Understand setShowTime With Webresource In Dynamics CRM
Mar 23, 2022.
In Dynamics 365 CRM, at times we must show only date part for a field of date time type if at all customers were not in favour of creating same field with date Only format. Then this can be achieved by the usage of setShowTime Client API reference, which specify whether a date control should show the time portion of the date or not. As an example, Vaccination date is used to explain this functionality.
Solution - Non-nullable Property Must Contain a Non-null Value in .NET 6
Jan 15, 2022.
Non-nullable property must contain a non-null value when exiting constructor. Consider declaring the property as nullable
Create Animated Welcome SharePoint Framework Webpart
Dec 13, 2021.
In this article, you will learn how to implement the animation in SharePoint Framework web part using Particle JS.
Audience Targeting For News Posts
Dec 07, 2021.
This Article describes conditions where Audience targeting works in SharePoint Newspost.
The Complete Reference - Table Scan, Index Scan, And Index Seek
Sep 16, 2021.
In this article, you will learn about Table Scan, Index Scan, and Index Seek.
SharePoint Folder Operations Demo Using PnP JS In React Based SPFx Webpart
Sep 14, 2021.
In this article, we will leverage pnp library and perform some operations on folders like add, copy, move, delete in SPFx web parts.
SharePoint List Items CRUD Operations Demo Using PnPJS In React based SPFx Webpart
Aug 13, 2021.
In this article, we will learn to perform list item operations using PnP JS in React based SPFx solutions, we will see an example of a web part but this can be used in extension in a similar way.
Embed PowerApp Form On SharePoint Page Microsoft PowerApps Webpart
Jun 14, 2021.
In this article, you will learn how to embed the PowerApps form on a modern SharePoint page using SharePoint out-of-the-box webpart.
Implement React Elastic Carousel With SharePoint Framework (SPFx)
Jun 08, 2021.
In this article, you will learn how to Impliment react elastic carousel with SharePoint Framework (SPFx).
SharePoint Spaces - Using Virtual Tour Webpart
May 24, 2021.
In this blog, we will look at how to make your Space more visually interactive by using 360-degree Virtual Tour webpart
Introduction To Boxing And Unboxing In C#
Apr 06, 2021.
There are two functions used for typecasting the data types in C#, i.e: boxing and unboxing. Read to understand how to perform these conversions.
Classes And Objects
Mar 30, 2021.
In this article, users will know the importance of Class, Objects, and their references.
How To Use Carousel Control Of PnP In SPFx Webpart?
Feb 24, 2021.
In this article, we will see how to implement a carousel in spfx webpart. Carousel is already available in pnp react controls so we will use this available control
Export SharePoint List Items In Excel (SPFX Using React, FileSaver.js, xlsx.js)
Jan 06, 2021.
This article will help you to create SPFX webpart which export SharePoint list data in excel file (xlsx file) and download to your local machine. I am using PnP library for consuming SharePoint operations, FileSaver.js for saving files on the client-side and xlsx library for spreadsheet formats.
Creating Information Architecture For HSEQ Document Management
Nov 06, 2020.
I am working as an HSEQ System Analyst, and one of my tasks includes creating a Document Management system.My aim is to create a system using out of the box features as maximum as possible.
Creating A Personalized Per User SPFx WebPart Property
Nov 02, 2020.
In this article, you will learn how to create a user scoped property can be helpful in cases where we want the end users to personalize a webpart on a SharePoint page.
SPFx Cascading Dropdown In Property Pane
Oct 24, 2020.
In this article, we will see how to implement a cascading dropdown in the property pane using PnP React controls and PnP JS.
C# - Understand Equality For Value Type And Reference Type
Oct 21, 2020.
In this article, you will learn about the nuances of equality comparison in C#, distinguishing between value types (like structs) and reference types (like classes). Understand how the == operator behaves differently for each and ensure accurate comparisons in your code.
JavaScript Primitive And Reference Types
Oct 02, 2020.
This article will discuss the builtin types of JavaScript and the difference between primitive and reference types.
The Complete Reference - Set Operations In MS SQL - UNION [ALL], INTERSECT, EXCEPT
Sep 12, 2020.
In this article, you will see the Complete Reference - Set Operations in MS SQL: UNION [ALL], INTERSECT, EXCEPT.
The Complete Reference - Ranking Functions In MS SQL - ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK() And NTILE()
Sep 01, 2020.
In this article you will learn about The Complete Reference - Ranking Functions in MS SQL: ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK() and NTILE()
Different Ways To Send Email From A SPFx Webpart
Aug 24, 2020.
In this article, we will see different ways to send an Email notification from a SPFx web part.
Equal, ==, And Reference Equal In C#
Aug 12, 2020.
In this article, you will learn about equal ,==, and reference equal in C#.
Convert DateTime Field's UTC Value To The Correct Time Zone In An SPFx Webpart
Aug 04, 2020.
This Article explains how the DateTime field values are displayed in the correct time zone based on the User's and Site's regional settings. And provides the code snippet to easily convert the UTC DateTime values within an SPFx webapart
List All Content Editor Webparts Present In A SharePoint OnPremise Web Application Using PowerShell
Jul 31, 2020.
List all Content Editor Webparts present in a SharePoint OnPremise Web Application using PowerShell
Developing Your First WebParts For Sharepoint Online
Jul 24, 2020.
A Tutorial on Developing Client Side WebParts for Sharepoint Online.
Rich Text Control With Image And Video In SPFx Using React-Quill
Jul 22, 2020.
This article explores how to implement a rich text field in Modern SharePoint List forms using React Quill. It covers the process of creating a SharePoint list, setting up an SPFx solution, and integrating the react-quill library for rich text editing.
How To Use PnP DateTimePicker In SharePoint Framework Webpart (SPFx)
Jul 21, 2020.
This article will help us with step by step guide for using PnP DateTimePicker Control
Place SPFx Webpart Inside A DIV Tag On A Page
Jul 14, 2020.
In this article, we will discuss how to append a SPFx webpart to a div tag instead of rendering in a webpart zone.
Introduction To Java 8
Jul 14, 2020.
In this article you will learn about Java 8 features.
Consume Microsoft Graph API Using A PnP Graph From SPFx-Webpart
Jul 03, 2020.
In this article, I explain how to consume a Microsoft graph API using @pnp/graph from your SPFx-Webpart
SharePoint User Operations Demo Using PnP JS In React Based SPFx Webpart
Jul 01, 2020.
In this article, we will learn different user operations available and how to use them using PnP JS in React-based SPFx solutions
SPFx Webpart With Angular Elements
Jun 25, 2020.
Explore the integration of SPFx web parts with Angular elements using PnP generator v1.14.0. Learn about Angular Elements, prerequisites, environment setup, development steps, bundling, rendering, and deployment, enabling seamless integration of Angular components in SharePoint.
CRUD Operation On SharePoint SPFx Webpart Using PnP PowerShell
Jun 08, 2020.
This blog will help you understand completed CRUD operations on SPFx webpart using PnP PowerShell
Async Await Reference Implementation
Jun 05, 2020.
In this article, you will learn about async Await Reference Implementation.
How To Use And Configure PnP Search WebPart
May 28, 2020.
This article will help setup PnP search webpart in SharePoint modern page
How To Use PnP Search Filters And Search Vertical Web Parts
May 27, 2020.
In this article, we will see how to use the PnP search filter and search vertical web parts.