Resources No resource found - Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++ (Check Box)Sep 19, 2017. In the button control, we are using the IInspectable to set the content of the text. How do we get the value from the IInspectable interface ? By IPropertyValue; using the “as” operator, we can convert from IInspectable to IPropertyValue.
- 35 Essential Basic-Advanced SQL Query-Questions Asked In Technical InterviewsSep 19, 2017. These are all query-based questions asked in tech interviews, including some simple looking tricky one liner SQL statements and joins.
- Exposing Local Web Server To Internet Using NgrokSep 19, 2017. I was recently working on some bot framework applications where I wanted to test if my bot application was working properly with different available channels like Facebook messenger, Skype etc. But there was one problem. Before I could integrate my bot with different channels, I needed to publish my bot application and register it on http://dev.botframework.com/ site. Also the endpoint should support HTTPS. This is where ngrok comes into play.
- Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++ (Combo box)Sep 18, 2017. Combobox control is contains the collection of the items. It represents Drop-down list of the items. The user can select the items from the list, when the combobox is open its display all the items, once item has been selected dropdown list will close automatically.
- Encrypt And Decrypt User Password In SQL Server DB Using C# Winform ApplicationSep 18, 2017. In this article we are going to learn how to maintain the user login details in sql server table with password encryption format and decrypt the user password and validate the credentials in login form.
- Introduction To Tag Helpers In ASP.NET CoreSep 18, 2017. Tag helper is a new feature in ASP.net MVC. It enables server-side code to create and render HTML elements in Razor View. It is feature of Razor View engine. They are the C# classes which participate in view generation by creating the HTML elements. Using the tag helper, we can change the content of HTML element and add additional attributes to the HTML element. It is very similar to HTML helper in ASP.net MVC.
- Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++(Border Control)Sep 18, 2017. In this article, we are going to learn about Border control in Modern C++
- Missing Security Section In PWA Settings In Project Server 2016Sep 18, 2017. In this article, we will discuss and solve the issue of Missing Security Setting in PWA Settings in Project Server 2016 / 2013.
- Create Log Backup Maintenance Plan In SQL Server 2016Sep 17, 2017. In this article, we will explain how to take log backups frequently by creating a Log Backup Maintenance Plan in SQL Server 2016
- Start The App In Windows Startup In UWP (Windows 10 Fall Creators Update Features)Sep 17, 2017. A long-awaited feature (other features are LaunchApp, Restart App) has come to Universal Windows Programming i.e. we can run our application on Windows startup (User log in to the system), Previously we had done some workaround to run the app in windows startup, now it's time to say good bye to the workaround.
- Convert Rows To Columns Using Dynamic Pivot In SQL ServerSep 17, 2017. In this article, we will show how to convert rows to columns using Dynamic Pivot in SQL Server.
- Multiple Pages On The Form Using Panel Control In A Simple Windows Forms ApplicationSep 15, 2017. In this article, we will learn how to show multiple pages on the form using Panel Control in a simple Windows Application.
- Using MPMoviePlayer In Xamarin iOSSep 15, 2017. Xamarin is a platform to develop cross-platform and multi-platform apps (for example, Windows Phone, Android, iOS). In Xamarin platform, the code sharing concept is used. In Xamarin Studio, Visual Studio is also available.
- Print Dialog And Print Preview Tools Using Entire Windows Form To PrintSep 15, 2017. In this article, we will discuss how to print an entire Windows form using print dialog & print preview tools step-by-step in a Windows Forms application step-by-step.
- SharePoint Permission Mode Vs Project Permission Mode In Project Server 2016 / 2013Sep 14, 2017. In this article, we will discuss the Permission Modes in Project Server 2016 / 2013.
- SQL Server DB Backup Using Stored Procedure In WinForm ApplicationSep 14, 2017. In this article we are going to learn how to get database backup using stored procedure in SQL server in C# Winform applications.
- File Upload With JQuery Progress Bar In ASP MVCSep 14, 2017. First we have to create an Asp Mvc project in visual studio. To do that, Open Visual Studio -> New Project -> A new dialog window will appear -> In left pane select C# ->select Web -> Select "ASP.NET MVC 4 Application" name your project and click ok.
- Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++ (RadioButton)Sep 14, 2017. RadioButton is used to allow to the user select single items, whereas checkbox allows users to multiselect.
- Build Chat Application On MEA2N Stack - Part OneSep 13, 2017. In this article we are going to build a basic chat application on NodeJs platform using Express and Angular 2. For saving chat history we will use MongoDB. We will be using socket.io for communication between server and client.
- Launch UWP App Via CommandLine ( Windows 10 Fall Creators Update Features )Sep 07, 2017. We can launch Win32 application via command line arguments. Let's see how to implement this feature into our UWP application.
- How To Consume Web API Through SSIS PackageSep 07, 2017. In this article, I have illustrated the purpose of SSIS with Web API. It shows how SSIS can use Web API to do certain operations, like updating the database table based on Service response, and process the data, etc.
- Find Out Creation And Modification Date Of Database Objects Like Tables And Stored ProceduresSep 07, 2017. Database Object refers to Table, Stored procedure, View, Function etc.; in other words, all the elements that are created for data storage and manipulation.
- Restart An App Programmatically In UWP (Windows 10 Fall Creators Update Features)Sep 06, 2017. This article explains about how to restart an app programmatically in Universal Windows Programming.
- How Should We Store Images And Blob Files In SQL ServerSep 06, 2017. There is always a requirement from developers: How should I store images and BLOB files in SQL Server ? In this post let's explore the data types and methods used for storing Binary Large Objects also know as BLOBs, such as images and sounds, into SQL Server.
- Windows Azure Bot FrameworkSep 06, 2017. During //Build 2017 Microsoft announced Azure Bot Framework
- CRUD Operation Using Entity Framework In Windows Form ApplicationSep 06, 2017. In this article, we are going to learn how to perform CRUD operations using Entity Framework in the Windows Forms Application.
- New String Function In SQL Server 2017Sep 06, 2017. It requires one separator argument and a minimum of two arguments otherwise it raises an error. All the arguments are implicitly converted to string types and then they are concatenated.
- Windows Forms Application C# - Splash Screen With Metro FrameworkSep 06, 2017. In this article, we will discuss how to create a splash screen using Metro Framework step-by-step. We will create a progress bar to load any process in a Windows.Forms application. The splash screen actually displays at the process running time.
- Understand Serverless Architecture In AzureSep 05, 2017. This article will give an overview about the server-less architecture functionality present in Azure using Logic App.
- How To Backup A Mirrored Database Using SQL AgentSep 04, 2017. Database mirroring is a primarily software solution for increasing database availability. Mirroring is implemented on a per-database basis and works only with databases that use the full recovery model. The simple and bulk-logged recovery models do not support database mirroring. Therefore, all bulk operations are always fully logged. Database mirroring works with any supported database compatibility level.
- How To Upgrade AD FS 3.0 To AD FS Server 2016 - Part TwoSep 01, 2017. This article is in continuation of my previous one. Here we will see how to upgrade AD FS 3.0 to AD FS Server 2016.
- Learn About Azure Cognitive ServicesSep 01, 2017. Microsoft Cognitive Services (earlier known as Project Oxford) provides us the ability to build intelligent applications, just by writing a few lines of code. These applications or services are deployed on major platforms like Windows, iOS, and Android. All the APIs are based on machine learning APIs and enable developers to easily add intelligent features – such as emotion and video detection; facial, speech and vision recognition; and speech and language understanding – into their applications.
- User Permissions In Web Applications In SharePoint 2016 Central AdministrationAug 31, 2017. Here, learn how you can select the list of user permission levels which you would like to configure on all sites in the site collection. Let’s open Central Admin of SharePoint on your machine. On your Windows desktop screen, click Start >> Administrative Tools >> SharePoint 2016 Central Administration.
- Configure Authentication Providers On Web Applications In SharePoint 2016 Central AdministrationAug 31, 2017. Let’s open Central Admin of SharePoint on your machine. On your Windows desktop screen, click Start >> Administrative Tools >> SharePoint 2016 Central Administration.
- How To Upgrade ADFS 3.0 To AD FS Server 2016 - Part OneAug 31, 2017. Being said that, Now a days ADFS is one of the very critical infra since it is used for Identity services which being used for office365, Azure, Applications be it in any which way it is been created/developed in terms of SAAS, PAAS and On-premises. I have seen the scenarios where ADFS is down, the complete company’s major applications are also going down. So we need to carefully plan and upgrade the ADFS infra. Any wrong command or wrong execution plan can mislead the infra and complete ADS infra can go down.
- Syncfusion SfRating Control In UWP With XAML And C#Aug 31, 2017. Reading this article, we will learn how to use Syncfusion SfRating Control in Universal Windows Apps development with XAML and Visual C#.
- Self-Service Site Creation On Web Applications In SharePoint 2016 Central AdministrationAug 31, 2017. Let’s open Central Admin of SharePoint on your machine. On your Windows desktop screen, click Start >> Administrative Tools >> SharePoint 2016 Central Administration.
- Extend Built In Label Tag Helper In ASP.NET Core ApplicationAug 31, 2017. Tag helpers is one of the new feature introduced in ASP.NET Core which allows us to add server side code while creating and rendering HTML elements. They are similar to HTML helpers in ASP.NET MVC. ASP.NET Core comes with various built in tag helpers for rendering HTML elements like label, input, img, select etc.
- Getting Started With MongoDBAug 29, 2017. MongoDB is an open-source/cross platform (Windows, Linux, etc) document database that is NoSql in JSON format database. A NoSQL database means it does not have any relationships (non-relational database). It is a document-oriented database.
- Working With JSON In SQL Server 2016Aug 28, 2017. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format. It is language independent, easy to understand and self-describing. It is used as an alternative to XML. JSON is a very popular data interchange format nowadays. Most modern services return the data into the JSON text.
- Syncfusion Calculator Control In UWP With XAML And C#Aug 28, 2017. In this article, we will learn how to use Syncfusion Calculator Control in Universal Windows Apps development with XAML and Visual C#.
- A Simple Windows Forms Application - Using With LoaderAug 27, 2017. In this article, we will learn how the Loader works in between two forms of Windows Application.
- New Features In SQL Server 2017Aug 27, 2017. There are many new features introduced with SQL server 2017 and also there is some performance improvement in existing features. Using the following links, we can learn more details about the new features in SQL server 2017.
- Creating Login Form For Users With Image Uploading For Password RecallAug 27, 2017. The article is an alternate method of creating a login form where the conventional way of giving a password hint will be given as a question. In this, you can add an image which can be your hint if you forget your password.
- Create Your Own Home .NET /Apache Web Server In 30 MinutesAug 25, 2017. Most C# developers have been yearning to install their work on Apache and Linux, using the Mono project for years. Unfortunately this has been historically very difficult, since the documentation for how to do this has been lacking. In addition, securing and configuring the system after you've installed it, often requires a whole slew of knowledge with which most C# developers are not very familiar.
- Static Resource Using Xamarin.Forms Version (1.0)Aug 22, 2017. Xamarin is a platform that allows us to create multi-platform mobile applications for platforms like Windows, iOS, and Android, through a single integrated development environment (IDE). We will discuss how to create a Static Resource using Xamarin.Forms (or) cross-platform from VS2017.
- JavaScript Code For Validating U.S. Format Phone NumbersAug 21, 2017. In this article, we shall learn how to do client side validation of US format phone numbers in three textbox fields. It means the application will be more responsive because the load on the server is reduced. JavaScript uses the client machine processing power.
- Docker And Docker Tool In Visual Studio 2015Aug 17, 2017. Docker is an open-source project for automating the deployment of applications as portable, self-sufficient containers that can run on the cloud or on-premises. Build Once and Run Anywhere is the mantra for Docker. Docker is also a company that promotes and evolves this technology, working in collaboration with cloud, Linux, and Windows vendors, including Microsoft. Docker image containers can run natively on Windows and Linux. The blog is mainly focused on explaining Docker, how to install Docker on development environments and how to run the ASP.Net Core application on it.
- Getting Started With Windows AzureAug 17, 2017. Windows Azure can be anything you want it to be. As a cloud platform from Microsoft that gives a wide variety of different services, windows Azure helps you to construct, install, and manipulate solutions for nearly any motive you may consider. In different words, windows Azure is a global service of unlimited possibilities.
- Connecting Login Form In C# With Database For User Type AuthenticationAug 15, 2017. This article describes how to connect a Login Form designed in C# with a database so that the user gets validated based upon the password given by the administrator who has created the login database.
- Load Twitter Data Into SQL DatabaseAug 15, 2017. The requirement is to extract the data from Twitter and load extracted data into SQL Database. For this demonstration I am going to read the Indian Film actor Kamal Haasan's tweets and load that into SQL Server 2016 Database.
- Creating A Data Volume In Windows PowerShellAug 12, 2017. We shall now try creating a data volume which can be used by more than one container images.
- Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++ (Stackpanel)Aug 11, 2017. Stackpanel has holding one are more controls into panel, inside panel controls are called as child controls, the child controls can be arranged into the horizontal (left to right) or vertical stack (top to bottom), We can add all the itemcontrols into the stackpanel like textbox, button, combobox.
- Working With The Container TagsAug 11, 2017. The container tags help us easily handle and work with our containers rather than always using their ID at the time of approaching.
- Building Container Image Through AutomationAug 10, 2017. The following is the continuation of the previous document. Here we will work with the automation concept through which the container images can be created.
- Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++ (Button Control)Aug 10, 2017. Button control allows the user to click to perform actions, there are mainly two properties, content and click event. Content properties are used to the set the caption of the Button and click event is used to trigger the event.
- Custom Content Page Using Xamarin.FormsAug 09, 2017. Xamarin is a platform that allows us to create multi-platform mobile applications like Windows phone, Apple iOS, and Android through a single integrated development environment (IDE). This platform allows the designers to develop and design various mobile platform applications within a limited period. We will discuss how to create CustomContentPage using Xamarin.Forms (or) cross platform from VS2017.
- Creating Login Form With Authentication For User Login Using C#Aug 09, 2017. This article describes how to create a login form and to validate user login with additional feature like changing pictures according to the type of user
- Introduction To Sweet Alert Library In ASP.NET MVC RazorAug 08, 2017. Sweet Alert is a library that acts as a replacement for the JavaScript’s alert() function. This shows very pretty model windows. It’s a library that has no dependencies, and is made from a JavaScript file plus a CSS file.
- Create SQL Server Database Project With Visual StudioAug 08, 2017. In this article, we’re going to learn about how to we can manage our database scripts using Visual Studio’s SQL server database project.
- Deploying An Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS Virtual Machine Using Microsoft AzureAug 08, 2017. In computing, a Virtual Machine is an emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide functionality of a physical computer. Their implementations may involve specialized hardware, software, or a combination. Azure Virtual Machine (VM) is one of several types of on-demand , scalable computing resources that Azure offers.
- How To Determine The Version And Edition Of SQL Server And Its ComponentsAug 06, 2017. For Business Intelligence features such as Integration Services, Reporting Services, and Analysis Services, you may have to install the latest service packs, cumulative updates, and hotfixes on the client-side computers to obtain the latest fixes while developing SSIS packages, SSRS reports, or Analysis Services cubes.
- Learn Universal Windows Programming Via Modern C++Aug 06, 2017. Universal Windows programs have developed based on the Windows Runtime (WinRT) technology, Windows Runtime (hereafter called WinRT) and runs based on the COM API, but is not designed to be directly used, instead using a “language projections” concept
- Understanding Virtual Machines In AzureAug 06, 2017. It is an operating system or application environment that is installed on software, which reproduces dedicated hardware. End user has the same experience on a virtual machine as they would have on dedicated hardware.
- Using MasterPage In Xamarin.FormAug 04, 2017. Xamarin is a platform that allows us to create multi-platform mobile applications like Windows phone, Apple iOS, and Android through a single integrated development environment (IDE). We will discuss how to create MasterDetail Page applications from VS2017. There are many plugins available for Xamarin Cross platform including Stack Layout, Label,ScrollView and buttons.
- Facebook Login Using Xamarin.Auth In Xamarin iOSAug 04, 2017. Xamarin is a platform to develop cross-platform and multi-platform apps (for example, Windows phone, Android, iOS). In Xamarin platform, the code sharing concept is used. In Xamarin Studio, Visual Studio is also available.
- Building Your Own Container ImagesAug 04, 2017. Here, we will be building our own container images. For doing this we have two different ways, namely manual method and automated method. Let us see both ways.
- Running Windows Containers On Windows Container HostsAug 03, 2017. In this module, we will be seeing the different commanding techniques that can be used to work with the containers. We will check on how to start and stop a container, and to run them interactively or even in the background.
- Pulling Base Container ImagesAug 03, 2017. So far, we have deployed our container in the Nano Server VM and Windows Server VM. The next piece of work is to pull down the Images for these containers. The Docker is the container which we have created so far. In the following lab, we will pull some image for that container form the Microsoft Container images repository.
- Configuring Nano Server For Remote ConnectionsAug 02, 2017. Here, we are going to connect with the Docker engine remotely using the PowerShell. For this we can either use our local machine or a VM. Before we proceed further, make sure that your Nano Server is up and running.
- Connecting To Docker In Nano ServerAug 01, 2017. This is about creating a firewall path in between the local machine and the Nano server to get connected with the Docker. This will give access for local machines to access the docker.
- Creating Windows Server Machine On Virtual Network And Load Balancing itAug 01, 2017. Welcome back to an article about creating another Windows Server Machine on Virtual Network and to work with Load Balancing. Here with this demo article we will be working with the Virtual Network and we will be creating a Load Balancer on it.
- Getting Started With Visual Studio CodeJul 31, 2017. In this article, we will discuss in detail about the Visual Studio Code, how to install the VS Code in Windows and walk through with VS Code features and how to add extensions to VS Code.
- Creating A V-Net And Adding A Windows Server Machine On ItJul 31, 2017. Welcome to an article about creating a Virtual Network and adding a Windows Server Machine on it
- Installing Docker In Nano ServerJul 31, 2017. This is about the installation of Docker in the Nano Server VM which has been created previously.
- Installing Windows Server-2016 Nano Server Using PowerShellJul 30, 2017. The following exercise is all about the installation of Windows Server 2016-Nano Server. Open your PowerShell in the administrator privileges.
- Installing Docker In Windows ServerJul 29, 2017. The following document will provide you the step by step guide to create a windows server operating system and install the docker in it. To proceed with this, you need to login into your Microsoft Azure portal.
- Creating Web API With ASP.NET Core Using Visual Studio CodeJul 28, 2017. Web API is is framework that allows us to build web or http based endpoints. If you are building services today for mobile, HTML 5, and even client-server desktop applications, all these different types of applications need services in the backend.
- Managing Your Traffic On Server Applications Using Geographic RoutingJul 28, 2017. Welcome to my first writing on Azure Traffic Manager using Geographic Routing.
- Getting Started With Git Version ControlJul 28, 2017. In this article, we will discuss in details about the Git Version Control, how to install the Git in Windows and why we need to use Git version control for software development.
- Learn MVC Using Angular Dynamic Control In DataTableJul 26, 2017. In this article, we will learn MVC using Angular data binding for dynamic control in datatable from server side Web API using visual studio 2017.
- Combination Of Id-ParentId And HierarchyId Approaches To Hierarchical DataJul 26, 2017. How to combine the Id-ParentId and HierarchyId approaches to keep and fetch the data in hierarchical and alphabetical order.
- How To Check Long Server-Side Process Progress In Real TimeJul 26, 2017. Today, I will show you a way to monitor a long server-side process (like, a long running process, file generation etc.) in real time in your web application. The whole demonstration will be covered through asp.net C# but you can also implement the same sort of code in other languages.
- Cache Headers For MVC File Action Result (ASP.NET Core 2.0 Preview 2)Jul 25, 2017. I’m pretty sure that you are familiar with StaticFiles middleware of the framework. All it does is serve static files (CSS, JavaScript, image, etc.) from a predefined/configurable file location (typically from inside the web root, i.e., wwwroot folder). But along the way, it also does some cache headers configuration. The reason behind this is you don’t want your server to be called up every time for a file that doesn’t change frequently. Let’s see how a request for a static file looks in the browser’s network tab.
- Angular, Bootstrap And ASP.NET MVC - Part TwoJul 25, 2017. In this tutorial series, we are going to learn AngularJS as a server side, Bootstrap for layout styling and ASP.NET MVC as server side.
- Angular, BootStrap And ASP.NET MVC - Part OneJul 24, 2017. In this tutorial series, we are going to learn AngularJS as a server side, Bootstrap for layout styling and ASP.NET MVC as server side.
- Creating An Azure SQL Database And Connecting Through SQL Server Management StudioJul 23, 2017. This article demonstrates how to create an azure SQL Database, setting the Firewall rule and connecting through the SQL Server Management Studio.
- Prism In Xamarin.Forms Application For Android And UWPJul 21, 2017. Reading this article, you will learn how to use prism in Xamarin Forms application for Android and Universal Windows Platform with XAML and Visual C# in cross platform application development.
- Project Server 2013 Migration From One Farm To AnotherJul 21, 2017. In this article, I will explain step by step how to migrate/move a PWA Instance from one farm to another in Project Server 2013.
- UITableView : Swipe-Right In Xamarin iOS AppJul 19, 2017. In this article, you will learn how to Swipe Right Using UITableView in Xamarin iOS, using Xamarin Studio. Xamarin is a platform to develop cross-platform and multi-platform apps (for example, Windows phone, Android, iOS). In Xamarin platform, the code sharing concept is used. In Xamarin Studio, Visual Studio is also available.
- UITableView in Xamarin iOS AppJul 18, 2017. In this article, you will learn how to create a list using UITableView in Xamarin iOS, using Xamarin Studio. Xamarin is a platform to develop cross-platform and multi-platform apps (for example, Windows phone, Android, iOS). In Xamarin platform, the code sharing concept is used. In Xamarin Studio, Visual Studio is also available.
- Execution Of Test Cases In Sequential And Parallel Using Selenium WebdriverJul 18, 2017. Selenium is an open source tool, which is used to execute the test scripts or the test cases on web applications. As we know Selenium is an open source tool, which supports various programming languages such as Java,C#, PHP,JavaScript, Ruby etc. Selenium supports various operating systems to execute the test scripts on web applications like Windows, Linux, MacOS etc. Selenium is written using one of the famous programming languages; i.e. Java, and its a cross-platform.
- Selecting A Content Management System That Supports Your BusinessJul 17, 2017. Recently, a customer asked for a Content Management System (CMS), and being a SharePoint developer and consultant, I proposed SharePoint Server as CMS. Afterwards, by analyzing different CMS in the market, I thought of writing this article and will focus mainly on a CMS named – “Sitefinity” (http://www.sitefinity.com/).
- Create SSRS Drilldown ReportJul 17, 2017. Create SSRS drill down report, add link enable/disable based on specific condition, adding download links in reports.
- Taking Script From Database In SQL Server In Different ModeJul 17, 2017. This article explains how to take the script from database in SQL server in a different mode. Normally we take back up our entire database as “.bak, .mdf, .ldf” file but sometimes we need to alter, update or delete then create our database based on our database modification.
- Ability To Develop HTTP Methods Or Verbs (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE etc)Jul 17, 2017. Before going to explain the significant verbs or methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE and CONNECT) for the communication among different clients and servers, first of all we should understand what HTTP methods are and how they are useful in real time.
- How To Create Simple Game Play Application Using Cross PlatformJul 15, 2017. Xamarin is a platform that allows us to create multi-platform mobile applications like (Windows phone, Apple iOS , Android) through a single integrated development environment (IDE). This platform allows the designers to develop and design various mobile platform applications within a limited period. We will discuss how to create game applications using Xamarin.Forms (or) cross platform from VS2017. There are many plugins available including Stack Layout, Label and button.
- SharePoint 2016 Build NumbersJul 15, 2017. SharePoint Server 2016 released on March 14, 2016. So let's try to track all the version numbers, Build numbers, and Issue lists.
- How To Create And Deploy Azure Web AppsJul 14, 2017. In this article, we are going to learn how we can create Azure Web App and how to deploy it. Unlike other services, Azure Web Apps service enables us to build and host web applications in the programming language of our choice without managing infrastructure. It offers auto-scaling and high availability, and supports both Windows and Linux.
- How Autodiscover Service Works In ExchangeJul 14, 2017. In this article, we will cover how Autodiscover works in Exchange to configure outlook profile for users without manual intermission of the user or administrator. Let’s begin!!
