1. Monolithic Architecture
A single, unified application where all components (UI, business logic, database access) are tightly integrated.
- Simple to develop and deploy.
- Difficult to scale and maintain as the application grows.
- Suitable for small applications.
2. Layered Architecture (N-Tier)
Organizes software into multiple logical layers such as Presentation, Business Logic, and Data Access.
- Improves the separation of concerns.
- Easier to test and maintain.
- Used in enterprise applications.
3. Microservices Architecture
Breaks an application into small, independent services communicating via APIs.
- Highly scalable.
- Services can be deployed independently.
- Used in large applications like Netflix, Amazon.
4. Event-Driven Architecture
Uses events to trigger and communicate between services asynchronously.
- Enhances responsiveness and scalability.
- Used in real-time applications like IoT and stock trading.
5. Serverless Architecture
Applications run in cloud-managed functions without needing dedicated infrastructure.
- Reduces operational overhead.
- Scales automatically.
- Used in chatbots, image processing.
6. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
Similar to microservices but with larger services often communicating via an enterprise service bus (ESB).
- Promotes reusability and interoperability.
- Used in enterprise integrations.
Choosing the Right Architecture
| Requirement | Recommended Architecture |
|---|---|
| Small-scale, simple app | Monolithic |
| Enterprise application | Layered (N-Tier), SOA |
| Scalable, cloud-native app | Microservices, Serverless |
| Real-time processing | Event-Driven |
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