How to Implement Auditing Features in SharePoint 2010

Modify the Site Collection's Audit Settings

Here we can modify the site collection's auditing settings to audit the required events:

Open in your site browser click Site Actions | Site Settings.
a. When the Site Settings page opens, click the Site Collection Audit Settings hyperlink under the Site Collection Administration section.
a. When the Configure Audit Settings page opens, select Automatically Trim the Audit Log for This Site.
a. Select the following events to audit from the Documents and Items:
- Opening or downloading documents, viewing items in lists or viewing item properties.
- Editing items
b. Click OK to save the auditing configuration.

Create Auditable Events

Open any document library you have

After you are on the libraries All Items page, click on any document set link to view the contained documents.
Hover over the any document select Edit in Microsoft Excel.
When the document opens in Excel, review the data but do not make any changes.
Exit Microsoft Excel.
Repeat the same steps for some other documents also
After the document opens, edit the document by clicking in a cell and entering text for some of them.
Click the Excel Save icon located in the upper-left corner of the application.
Exit Microsoft Excel.
If you are prompted to upload the document to SharePoint, click Close File.
If you are prompted to check in the document, click Yes.
If you are prompted to enter Version Comments, enter a comment and click OK.

Review the Content Viewing Report to Verify the Viewing Event Auditing

Go to Site Actions | Site Settings.
When the Site Settings page opens, click the Audit Log Reports link.
When the View Auditing Reports page opens, click the Content Viewing report link.
Click the Browse button and select the Shared Document library. This is where the report will be saved to. Click OK.
When the Operation Completed Successfully message displays, click the Click Here to View the Report Link to open the report in Excel.
Scroll down toward the bottom of the Excel report. Locate the entries for the documents. There are two entries. One entry is the audit entry for viewing the Competitive analysis page, and the second entry is the audit entry for viewing the Financial Analysis document.
Go to Site Actions | Site Settings.
When the Site Settings page opens, click the Audit log reports link.
When the View Auditing Reports page opens, click the Content modifications report link.
Click the Browse button, and select the Shared Documents library. This is where the report will be saved to. Click OK.
When the Operation Completed Successfully message displays, click the Click here to view the report link to open the report in Excel.
Scroll down toward the bottom of the Excel report. Locate the entry for the document. There is one entry for the each documents for which document is edited . This entry is for the edit event.