SharePoint 2013 Upgrade Step by Step From SharePoint 2010

In this article we can see how to upgrade SharePoint 2007 to SharePoint 2010. When you upgrade from SharePoint 2010 Products to SharePoint 2013, you must use a database attach upgrade, which means that you upgrade only the content for your environment and not the configuration settings. After you have configured a new SharePoint 2013 environment, you can copy the content and service application databases from the SharePoint 2010 Products environment to the SharePoint 2013 environment. You use a backup and restore process to copy the database, and you can also choose to set the databases to read-only in the SharePoint 2010 Products environment so that users can continue to access their information, but not change it.

Back up the SharePoint 2010 Products databases by using SQL Server tools

Verify that the user account that is performing this procedure is a member of the db_owner fixed database role for the databases.
In Management Studio, in Object Explorer, connect to an instance of the Database Engine, expand the server, and then expand Databases.
Right-click the database that you want to back up, point to Tasks, and then click Back Up.
The Back up Database dialog box appears.
In the Source area, in the Database box, verify the database name.
In the Backup type box, select Full.
Under Backup component, select Database.
In the Backup set area, in the Name box, either accept the backup set name that is suggested or type a different name for the backup set.
In the Destination area, specify the type of backup destination by selecting Disk or Tape, and then specify a destination. To create a different destination, click Add.
Click OK to start the backup process.

Restore a backup copy of the database

Verify that the user account that is performing this procedure is a member of the db_owner fixed database role for the databases.
After you connect to the appropriate instance of the SQL Server 2008 Database Engine, in Object Explorer, expand the server name.
Right-click Databases and then click Restore Database.
The Restore Database dialog box appears.
In the Restore Database dialog box, on the General page, type the name of the database to be restored in the To database list.
In the To a point in time text box, keep the default (Most recent possible).
To specify the source and location of the backup sets to restore, click From device, and then use the ellipsis (...) to select the backup file.
In the Specify Backup dialog box, in the Backup media box, be sure that File is selected.
In the Backup location area, click Add.
In the Locate Backup File dialog box, select the file that you want to restore, click OK, and then, in the Specify Backup dialog box, click OK.
In the Restore Database dialog box, under Select the backup sets to restore grid, select the Restore check box next to the most recent full backup.
In the Restore Database dialog box, on the Options page, under Restore options, select the Overwrite the existing database check box.
Click OK to start the restore process.

To attach a content database to a web application by using Windows PowerShell

Verify that you have the following memberships:

Securityadmin fixed server role on the SQL Server instance.
db_owner fixed database role on all databases that are to be updated.
Administrators group on the server on which you are running the Windows PowerShell cmdlets.

Start the SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.
For Windows Server 2008 R2:
On the Start menu, click All Programs, click Microsoft SharePoint 2013 Products, and then click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.
For Windows Server 2012:
On the Start Screen, click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.
If SharePoint 2013 Management Shell is not on the Start Screen:
Right-click Computer, click all apps, and then click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.
At the Windows PowerShell command prompt, type the following command and then press ENTER:

Mount-SPContentDatabase -Name DatabaseName -DatabaseServer ServerName -WebApplication URL

Where:

Database Name is the name of the database that you want to upgrade.
Server Name is server on which the database is stored.
URL is the URL for the web application that will host the sites.

To view the Upgrade Status page

Verify that the user account that is performing this procedure is a member of the db_owner fixed database role for the databases.
In Central Administration, click Upgrade and Migration, and then click Check upgrade status.

To view the upgrade log file

The upgrade error log file and the upgrade log file are located at %COMMONPROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Shared\web server extensions\15\LOGS. The upgrade log file contains more detailed information than the upgrade error log. Be sure to check the summary at the bottom of the log files for information about the overall status and a count of the warnings and errors in the file.

The logs are text files named in the following format:
Upgrade-YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS-SSS-error.log
Upgrade-YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS-SSS.log

Where

YYYYMMDD is the date

HHMMSS-SSS is the time (hours in 24-hour clock format, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds)

An example for an upgrade error log is Upgrade-20120105-132126-374-error.log, and an example for an upgrade log is Upgrade-20120105-132126-374.log.

To attach a content database to a web application by using Windows PowerShell

Verify that you have the following memberships:

securityadmin fixed server role on the SQL Server instance.
db_owner fixed database role on all databases that are to be updated.
Administrators group on the server on which you are running the Windows PowerShell cmdlets.
An administrator can use the Add-SPShellAdmin cmdlet to grant permissions to use SharePoint 2013 cmdlets.

Start the SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.

For Windows Server 2012:

On the Start Screen, click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.
If SharePoint 2013 Management Shell is not on the Start Screen:
Right-click Computer, clicks All apps, and then click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell.
For more information about how to interact with Windows Server 2012, see Common Management Tasks and Navigation in Windows Server 2012.
At the Windows PowerShell command prompt, type the following command and then press ENTER:

Mount-SPContentDatabase -Name DatabaseName -DatabaseServer ServerName -WebApplication URL

Where:

DatabaseName is the name of the database that you want to upgrade.
ServerName is server on which the database is stored.
URL is the URL for the web application that will host the sites.

Upgrade a site collection

To upgrade a site collection

Verify that the user account that performs this procedure is a site collection administrator.

On the Site Settings page for the site collection, in the Site Collection Administration section, click Site collection upgrade.
On the Site Collection Upgrade page, click Upgrade this Site Collection.
This option starts the process of upgrading your site collection. A box opens to verify that you want to start the process.
Click I'm ready to start the actual upgrade.
The upgrade starts, and the Upgrade status page for the site collection is displayed. This page automatically updates while the upgrade is in progress and displays information about the process, such as the following:
The Upgrade will show you the progress as shown below:
Once done with the upgrade, a page will display the information as shown below:
Once successfully migrated you will get the 2007 site upgraded with SharePoint 2010 as shown below: