performance and scalability issues

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How to handle performance and scalability issues with large datasets in a multitenant .NET application?

Rajesh Gami · Answer

How to Handle Performance & Scalability Issues with Large Datasets in a Multitenant .NET Application 1. Database Optimization Partitioning per tenant: Use separate databases or schemas per tenant to reduce contention and simplify scaling. Indexing & Query tuning: Add tenant-specific indexes , analyze slow queries using SQL Profiler / Execution Plan , and avoid SELECT * . Caching: Use distributed caching (Redis, MemoryCache) for frequently accessed tenant data. 2. Efficient Data Access Use AsNoTracking() in EF Core for read-only queries. Implement paging and server-side filtering/sorting instead of loading all records. Apply lazy loading cautiously; prefer explicit loading for better control. Use stored procedures or compiled queries for heavy operations. 3. Multitenant Data Isolation & Strategy Database-per-tenant for strong isolation (best for large tenants). Shared database with TenantId column + proper indexing for smaller tenants. Implement row-level security if using shared DB. 4. Application-Level Scalability Deploy using horizontal scaling (multiple instances behind a load balancer). Use asynchronous programming ( async/await ) to avoid blocking I/O. Employ background workers (e.g., Hangfire, Azure Queue, RabbitMQ) for long-running tasks. 5. Monitoring & Diagnostics Use Application Insights , Serilog , or Elastic Stack to monitor performance per tenant. Implement tenant-specific metrics for query time, API latency, and resource usage. 6. Data Caching & CDN Use response caching and output caching for repeated tenant requests. Store large static assets (images, reports) in Azure Blob / AWS S3 + CDN for faster delivery. 7. Scaling the Infrastructure Use containerization (Docker/Kubernetes) for dynamic scaling. Configure read replicas and database sharding for high-traffic tenants. Apply connection pooling and efficient EF Core DbContext lifetime management . ? In short: Combine database partitioning, caching, async operations, optimized queries, and horizontal scaling to ensure your multitenant .NET app efficiently handles large datasets while staying scalable and performant.

performance and scalability issues

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