CRUD Operations In ASP.NET MVC 5 Using ADO.NET

Background

After an awesome response published by me in the year 2013: Insert, Update, Delete In GridView Using ASP.Net C#. It now has more than 140 K views, therefore to help beginners I decided to rewrite the article with a step-by-step approach using ASP.NET MVC since it is a hot topic in the market today. I have written this article focusing on beginners so they can understand the basics of MVC. Please read my previous article using the following links to understand the basics of MVC.

• ActionResult in ASP.NET MVC
• Creating an ASP.NET MVC Application

Step 1. Create an MVC Application.

Now let us start with a step-by-step approach to the creation of a simple MVC application as in the following.

1. "Start", then "All Programs" and select "Microsoft Visual Studio 2015".
2. "File", then "New" and click "Project..." then select "ASP.NET Web Application Template", then provide the Project a name as you wish and click on OK. After clicking, the following window will appear.
   
3. As shown in the preceding screenshot, click on Empty template and check the MVC option, then click OK. This will create an empty MVC web application whose Solution Explorer will look like the following.
   

Step 2. Create Model Class.

Now let us create the model class named EmpModel.cs by right-clicking on the model folder as in the following screenshot.

Note. It is not mandatory that the Model class should be in the Model folder, it is just for better readability you can create this class anywhere in the Solution Explorer. This can be done by creating different folder names or without folder names or in a separate class library.

EmpModel.cs class code snippet.

public class EmpModel
{
    [Display(Name = "Id")]
    public int Empid { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "First name is required.")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "City is required.")]
    public string City { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Address is required.")]
    public string Address { get; set; }
}

In the above model class, we have added some validation on properties with the help of DataAnnotations.

Step 3. Create Controller.

Now let us add the MVC 5 controller as in the following screenshot.

After clicking on the Add button it will show the following window. Now specify the Controller name as Employee with the suffix Controller as in the following screenshot.

Note: The controller name must be a suffix as 'Controller' after specifying the name of the controller.

After clicking on the Add button controller is created with by default code that supports CRUD operations and later on we can configure it as per our requirements.

Step 4. Create Table and Stored procedures.

Now before creating the views let us create the table name Employee in a database according to our model fields to store the details.

I hope you have created the same table structure as shown above. Now create the stored procedures to insert, update, view, and delete the details as in the following code snippet.

To Insert Records

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[AddNewEmpDetails]
(
   @Name varchar(50),
   @City varchar(50),
   @Address varchar(50)
)
AS
BEGIN
   INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(@Name, @City, @Address)
END

To View Added Records

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetEmployees]
AS
BEGIN
    SELECT * FROM Employee
END

To Update Records

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[UpdateEmpDetails]
(
   @EmpId int,
   @Name varchar(50),
   @City varchar(50),
   @Address varchar(50)
)
AS
BEGIN
   UPDATE Employee
   SET Name = @Name,
       City = @City,
       Address = @Address
   WHERE Id = @EmpId
END

To Delete Records

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[DeleteEmpById]
(
   @EmpId int
)
AS
BEGIN
   DELETE FROM Employee WHERE Id = @EmpId
END

Step 5. Create a Repository class.

Now create a Repository folder and Add EmpRepository.cs class for database-related operations, after adding the solution explorer will look like the following screenshot.

Now create methods in EmpRepository.cs to handle the CRUD operation as in the following screenshot.

EmpRepository.cs

public class EmpRepository
{
    private SqlConnection con;

    // To Handle connection related activities
    private void connection()
    {
        string constr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["getconn"].ToString();
        con = new SqlConnection(constr);
    }

    // To Add Employee details
    public bool AddEmployee(EmpModel obj)
    {
        connection();
        SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand("AddNewEmpDetails", con);
        com.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Name", obj.Name);
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@City", obj.City);
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Address", obj.Address);
        
        con.Open();
        int i = com.ExecuteNonQuery();
        con.Close();
        if (i >= 1)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // To view employee details with generic list
    public List<EmpModel> GetAllEmployees()
    {
        connection();
        List<EmpModel> EmpList = new List<EmpModel>();
        
        SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand("GetEmployees", con);
        com.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(com);
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        
        con.Open();
        da.Fill(dt);
        con.Close();
        
        // Bind EmpModel generic list using dataRow
        foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
        {
            EmpList.Add(
                new EmpModel
                {
                    Empid = Convert.ToInt32(dr["Id"]),
                    Name = Convert.ToString(dr["Name"]),
                    City = Convert.ToString(dr["City"]),
                    Address = Convert.ToString(dr["Address"])
                }
            );
        }
        
        return EmpList;
    }

    // To Update Employee details
    public bool UpdateEmployee(EmpModel obj)
    {
        connection();
        SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand("UpdateEmpDetails", con);
        
        com.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@EmpId", obj.Empid);
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Name", obj.Name);
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@City", obj.City);
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Address", obj.Address);
        
        con.Open();
        int i = com.ExecuteNonQuery();
        con.Close();
        if (i >= 1)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // To delete Employee details
    public bool DeleteEmployee(int Id)
    {
        connection();
        SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand("DeleteEmpById", con);
        
        com.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        com.Parameters.AddWithValue("@EmpId", Id);
        
        con.Open();
        int i = com.ExecuteNonQuery();
        con.Close();
        if (i >= 1)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

Step 6. Create Methods into the EmployeeController.cs file.

Now open the EmployeeController.cs and create the following action methods.

public class EmployeeController : Controller
{
    // GET: Employee/GetAllEmpDetails
    public ActionResult GetAllEmpDetails()
    {
        EmpRepository EmpRepo = new EmpRepository();
        ModelState.Clear();
        return View(EmpRepo.GetAllEmployees());
    }

    // GET: Employee/AddEmployee
    public ActionResult AddEmployee()
    {
        return View();
    }

    // POST: Employee/AddEmployee
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult AddEmployee(EmpModel Emp)
    {
        try
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                EmpRepository EmpRepo = new EmpRepository();

                if (EmpRepo.AddEmployee(Emp))
                {
                    ViewBag.Message = "Employee details added successfully";
                }
            }
            
            return View();
        }
        catch
        {
            return View();
        }
    }

    // GET: Employee/EditEmpDetails/5
    public ActionResult EditEmpDetails(int id)
    {
        EmpRepository EmpRepo = new EmpRepository();
        
        return View(EmpRepo.GetAllEmployees().Find(Emp => Emp.Empid == id));
    }

    // POST: Employee/EditEmpDetails/5
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult EditEmpDetails(int id, EmpModel obj)
    {
        try
        {
            EmpRepository EmpRepo = new EmpRepository();
            
            EmpRepo.UpdateEmployee(obj);
            return RedirectToAction("GetAllEmpDetails");
        }
        catch
        {
            return View();
        }
    }

    // GET: Employee/DeleteEmp/5
    public ActionResult DeleteEmp(int id)
    {
        try
        {
            EmpRepository EmpRepo = new EmpRepository();
            if (EmpRepo.DeleteEmployee(id))
            {
                ViewBag.AlertMsg = "Employee details deleted successfully";
            }
            return RedirectToAction("GetAllEmpDetails");
        }
        catch
        {
            return View();
        }
    }
}

Step 7. Create Views.

Create the Partial view to Add the employees

To create the Partial View to add Employees, right-click on the ActionResult method and then click Add View. Now specify the view name, template name, and model class in EmpModel.cs and click on the Add button as in the following screenshot.

After clicking on the Add button it generates the strongly typed view whose code is given below.

AddEmployee.cshtml

@model CRUDUsingMVC.Models.EmpModel

@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()

    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>Add Employee</h4>
        <div>
            @Html.ActionLink("Back to Employee List", "GetAllEmpDetails")
        </div>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.City, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.City, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.City, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Address, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Address, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="Save" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10" style="color:green">
                @ViewBag.Message
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
}

<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>

To View Added Employees

To view the employee details let us create the partial view named GetAllEmpDetails.

Now click on the add button, it will create GetAllEmpDetails.cshtml strongly typed view whose code is given below.

GetAllEmpDetails.CsHtml

@model IEnumerable<CRUDUsingMVC.Models.EmpModel>

<p>
    @Html.ActionLink("Add New Employee", "AddEmployee")
</p>

<table class="table">
    <tr>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Name)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.City)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Address)
        </th>
        <th></th>
    </tr>

    @foreach (var item in Model)
    {
        @Html.HiddenFor(model => item.Empid)
        <tr>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.City)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Address)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "EditEmpDetails", new { id = item.Empid }) |
                @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "DeleteEmp", new { id = item.Empid }, new { onclick = "return confirm('Are sure wants to delete?');" })
            </td>
        </tr>
    }

</table>

To Update Added Employees

Follow the same procedure and create an EditEmpDetails view to edit the employees. After creating the view the code will be like the following.

EditEmpDetails.cshtml

@model CRUDUsingMVC.Models.EmpModel

@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()

    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>Update Employee Details</h4>
        <hr />
        <div>
            @Html.ActionLink("Back to Details", "GetAllEmployees")
        </div>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        @Html.HiddenFor(model => model.Empid)

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.City, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.City, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.City, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Address, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Address, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="Update" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
}
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>

Step 8. Configure the Action Link to Edit and delete the records as in the following figure.

The above ActionLink I have added in GetAllEmpDetails.CsHtml view because from there we will delete and update the records.

Step 9. Configure RouteConfig.cs to set the default action as in the following code snippet.

public class RouteConfig
{
    public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
    {
        routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "Default",
            url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { controller = "Employee", action = "AddEmployee", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
        );
    }
}

From the above RouteConfig.cs the default action method we have set is AddEmployee. It means that after running the application the AddEmployee view will be executed first.

Now after adding the all models, views, and controllers our solution explorer will look as in the following screenshot.

Step 10. Run the Application.

Now run the application the AddEmployee view will appear as,

Click on the save button, the model state validation will fire, as per the validation we have set into the EmpModel.cs class.

Now enter the details and on clicking the save button, the records get added into the database and the following message appears.

Now click on the Back to Employee List hyperlink, it will be redirected to the employee details grid as in the following screenshot.

Now similar to the above screenshot, add another record, and then the list will be as in the following screenshot.

Now click on the Edit button of one of the records, then it will be redirected to the Edit view as in the following screenshot.

Now click on the Update button, and on clicking, the records will be updated into the database. Click the Back to Details hyperlink then it will be redirected to the Employee list table with updated records as in the following screenshot.

Now click on the delete button for one of the records, then the following confirmation box appears (we have set the configuration in ActionLink).

Now click on the OK button, and then the updated Employee list table will be like the following screenshot.

From the preceding examples we have learned how to implement CRUD operations in ASP.NET MVC using ADO.NET.

Note

• Configure the database connection on the web. config file depending on your database server location.
• Download the Zip file of the sample application for a better understanding.
• Since this is a demo, it might not be using proper standards, so improve it depending on your skills
• This application is created completely focusing on beginners.

Summary

My next article explains the types of controllers in MVC. I hope this article is useful for all readers. If you have any suggestions then please contact me.