Note: this article is published on 03/03/2023.
This series of articles is about Docker, or Container, due to I cannot get the suitable category, so I designate it to DevOps because the container is used for CI/CD (Continuous Integration and Continue Deployment).
Container (2), Docker --- this article
A - Introduction
Contents of this article:
A - Introduction
B - Container
C - What is Docker
D - Docker Desktop Installation in Windows 11
Docker Desktop
Docker Desktop Installation
Dealing with WSL 2
E - Major Features of Docker
B - Container
Containerization is operating system-level virtualization or application-level virtualization over multiple network resources so that software applications can run in isolated user spaces called containers in any cloud or non-cloud environment, regardless of type or vendor.[ref]
Usage
The containers are basically a fully functional and portable cloud or non-cloud computing environment surrounding the application and keeping it independent from other parallelly running environments. Individually each container simulates a different software application and runs isolated processes by bundling related configuration files, libraries, and dependencies. But, collectively, multiple containers share a common OS Kernel.
The containerization technology has been vastly adopted by cloud computing platforms like
Types of containers
OS containers --- operating system-level virtualization
Apps containers --- application-level virtualization
C - Docker
Docker is a set of the platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine. It was first started in 2013 and is developed by Docker, Inc.
Docker is a tool used to automate the deployment of applications in lightweight containers so that applications can work efficiently in different environments.
Background
Containers are isolated from one another and bundle their own software, libraries, and configuration files; they can communicate through well-defined channels. Because all containers share the services of a single operating system kernel, they use fewer resources than virtual machines.
Operation
Docker can use different interfaces to access the virtualization features of the Linux kernel.
Docker can package an application and its dependencies in a virtual container that can run on any Linux, Windows, or macOS computer. This enables the application to run in a variety of locations, such as
In public Cloud (see decentralized computing, distributed computing, and cloud computing) or
When running on Linux, Docker uses the resource isolation features of the Linux kernel and a union-capable file system to allow containers to run within a single Linux instance, avoiding the overhead of starting and maintaining virtual machines. Docker on macOS uses a Linux virtual machine to run the containers.
Because Docker containers are lightweight, a single server or virtual machine can run several containers simultaneously.
D - Docker Installation in Windows 11
Docker Desktop
Docker Desktop is a desktop GUI management tool for Docker in Mac, Linux, or Windows environments to manage containers, applications, and images directly from your machine.
Docker Desktop Installation
Following the instruction from Install Docker Desktop on Windows.
1, Install WSL 2 Backend
Because the WSL 2 backend is recommended and preferred, so we install WSL first by run (see details in Container (1), WSL):
wsl --install2, Download the Docker Desktop exe file
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