Explain the different types of proxy patterns?

Proxy pattern belong to Structural Patterns family. Nice place to learn about different design patterns is: http://www.oodesign.com/proxy-pattern.html

Proxy itself is pattern, I am not sure what you mean by types of patterns :( http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/186001/Proxy-Design-Pattern

http://sourcemaking.com/design_patterns/proxy