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π§ Git – A Time Machine for Your Code
Let’s start with the basics: Git.
Imagine you're working on a project and you want to save every version of it. Git does that. Every time you “save” (which is called a commit), Git takes a snapshot of your work. So, if something breaks, you can always go back to an earlier version.
Even better, Git allows multiple developers to work at the same time. You can each work on your own copy (called a branch), and later combine everything together. And since Git is distributed, everyone has a full copy of the project—so no internet? No problem.
π GitHub – Social Media for Code
Now, Git by itself is great—but where do you store all that code online?
Enter GitHub. Think of GitHub like Instagram, but instead of sharing photos, you're sharing code.
The most powerful feature of GitHub is the pull request. That’s where someone suggests changes, and the team reviews it before merging it. This helps catch mistakes and improve code quality.
GitHub also lets you:
- Report bugs
- Discuss features
- Collaborate in real time
π» GitLab – One Tool to Rule Them All
GitLab is kind of like GitHub’s cousin, but with more built-in features. It’s great for teams that want everything in one place: code hosting, automation, security checks, and deployment tools.
With GitLab, you write one simple file (called .gitlab-ci.yml
) to define your workflow, and it handles the rest—like building, testing, and deploying your app.
You can even install GitLab on your own server if you want full control.
β‘ GitHub Actions – Automate Your Workflows
Already using GitHub? Then try GitHub Actions.
It lets you write small automation tasks called workflows. For example:
- Run tests automatically when someone pushes code
- Deploy the app to a server
- Send Slack notifications if something fails
There’s even a marketplace with thousands of ready-made actions to use.
π¦ Docker – Package Your App Once, Run Anywhere
Docker solves a huge problem: “It works on my computer, but not on the server.”
With Docker, you package your app with everything it needs—code, libraries, settings—into a container. That container can run the same way on your laptop, a cloud server, or anywhere else.
You write a small file (Dockerfile), build your app image, and that’s it.
βΈοΈ Kubernetes – Manage Many Apps at Scale
When you have one container, Docker is enough. But when you have 10, 50, or 100 containers? You need something smarter. That’s Kubernetes.
Kubernetes is like a robot that:
- Starts your containers
- Restarts them if they crash
- Distributes them across multiple servers
- Scales them up or down based on traffic
It’s essential for large, complex apps.
π§ͺ Jenkins – The King of Automation
Jenkins has been around for a long time and is still a favorite for many teams.
With Jenkins, you write a script called a Jenkinsfile that defines how to:
- Build your app
- Test it
- Deploy it
Jenkins supports 1,000+ plugins and works with everything: GitHub, Docker, AWS—you name it. It’s not the prettiest tool, but it’s very powerful.
π Ansible – Automate Your Servers
Imagine you need to install the same software on 100 servers. Would you do it manually? Of course not. Use Ansible.
With Ansible, you write simple files (called playbooks) that say what you want your server to look like. Ansible connects to your servers and makes those changes automatically.
It doesn’t need to install anything on your servers—it just works over SSH.
ποΈ Terraform – Build Infrastructure Like You Write Code
Terraform helps you manage cloud stuff like servers, databases, and networks—using code!
You write configuration files that describe what your cloud should look like, and Terraform builds it for you. You can use it with AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, or even all of them at once.
Best part? You can version-control your cloud setup just like your app code.
π Grafana – Beautiful Dashboards for Your Data
Grafana helps you turn logs and numbers into pretty charts and graphs. Want to know your server’s CPU usage or error rate? Grafana makes it visual and easy to understand.
It works great with data sources like Prometheus, Elasticsearch, and more.
π SonarQube – Clean Code, Always
SonarQube is like a code detective. It checks your code for:
- Bugs
- Security issues
- Duplicate or messy code
You can even set quality rules, so if your code doesn’t meet standards, it won’t get deployed. It supports 25+ programming languages.
π HashiCorp Tools – Secure, Connect, and Automate
HashiCorp makes several useful tools:
- Vault: Securely store passwords and keys
- Consul: Connect services in your app
- Packer: Build machine images
- Terraform: Already covered above
These tools are very useful in complex infrastructure setups.
π ELK Stack – Make Sense of Your Logs
ELK stands for:
- Elasticsearch – Index and search logs fast
- Logstash – Collect logs from different places
- Kibana – Visualize the data
Together, ELK helps you search and analyze logs from all your systems in one place.
π CircleCI – CI/CD in the Cloud
CircleCI is a cloud-based tool to run your builds, tests, and deployments. You don’t need to manage servers—just write a config file, and CircleCI handles the rest.
You can even use Orbs (ready-to-go integrations) for AWS, Slack, Docker, etc.
π΅οΈ Prometheus – Monitor Everything That Matters
Prometheus collects real-time metrics (like CPU usage, memory, errors) from your apps and infrastructure. Pair it with Grafana to visualize the data.
It also alerts you when something goes wrong—so you know before your users do.
π§ Wrapping Up
That was a lot—but don’t worry. You don’t need to learn everything at once. Start with Git and GitHub. Then move on to Docker and Jenkins. Over time, you’ll build your DevOps toolbox.
All these tools are here to help you build better software, faster and smarter.