Simple Game Creation Using PyGame

Introduction

In this article, we will discuss one of the commonly used python libraries named Pygame. It is used as a game development platform available in Python programming along with some other libraries. Sometimes we need to use some other libraries and those libraries depend on the requirement of the project but it also has some libraries which are required to use the Pygame library. In this article, we can see about creating some simple games using the Pygame library file, which can entertain the kids and also improve their knowledge and skill.

PyGame Library

PyGame is basically an SDL library, which stands for Simple DirectMedia Layer. It is cross-platform, which provides access to underlying media hardware components. It consists of computer graphics and sound files designed for use in python programming. It was written by Pete Shinners to replace PySDL. It is used to create a client-side application that can be potentially wrapped in a standalone executable.

PyGame Installation

The simple way for the installation of PyGame into your system is by running the below code in cmd prompt.

It also requires the numpy library file for the execution purpose and some calculation purpose which is used while execution of the program. We can simply install the numpy file by using the below command in cmd.

pip install pygame

Creating a Tic Tac Toe Game

Tic Tac Toe is a commonly played game among the students, which they play in a notebook by placing x and o in the different boxes of 9. The first one to place the x or o in the same row or column or row or in cross section wins the game. We are going to create a game using Python using the PyGame library. Follow the steps to execute and play the game.

Open a new python file in your IDLE and paste the coding which I gave below. Download the files I attached with this article to use the images which I used in this game.

import pygame as pg,sys
from pygame.locals import *
import time

#initialize global variables
XO = 'x'
winner = None
draw = False
width = 400
height = 400
white = (255, 255, 255)
line_color = (10,10,10)

#TicTacToe 3x3 board
TTT = [[None]*3,[None]*3,[None]*3]

#initializing pygame window
pg.init()
fps = 30
CLOCK = pg.time.Clock()
screen = pg.display.set_mode((width, height+100),0,32)
pg.display.set_caption("Tic Tac Toe")

#loading the images
opening = pg.image.load('tic tac opening.png')
x_img = pg.image.load('x.png')
o_img = pg.image.load('o.png')

#resizing images
x_img = pg.transform.scale(x_img, (80,80))
o_img = pg.transform.scale(o_img, (80,80))
opening = pg.transform.scale(opening, (width, height+100))


def game_opening():
    screen.blit(opening,(0,0))
    pg.display.update()
    time.sleep(1)
    screen.fill(white)
    
    # Drawing vertical lines
    pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(width/3,0),(width/3, height),7)
    pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(width/3*2,0),(width/3*2, height),7)
    # Drawing horizontal lines
    pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(0,height/3),(width, height/3),7)
    pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(0,height/3*2),(width, height/3*2),7)
    draw_status()
    
def draw_status():
    global draw

    if winner is None:
        message = XO.upper() + "'s Turn"
    else:
        message = winner.upper() + " won!"
    if draw:
        message = 'Game Draw!'

    font = pg.font.Font(None, 30)
    text = font.render(message, 1, (255, 255, 255))

    # copy the rendered message onto the board
    screen.fill ((0, 0, 0), (0, 400, 500, 100))
    text_rect = text.get_rect(center=(width/2, 500-50))
    screen.blit(text, text_rect)
    pg.display.update()

def check_win():
    global TTT, winner,draw

    # check for winning rows
    for row in range (0,3):
        if ((TTT [row][0] == TTT[row][1] == TTT[row][2]) and(TTT [row][0] is not None)):
            # this row won
            winner = TTT[row][0]
            pg.draw.line(screen, (250,0,0), (0, (row + 1)*height/3 -height/6),\
                              (width, (row + 1)*height/3 - height/6 ), 4)
            break

    # check for winning columns
    for col in range (0, 3):
        if (TTT[0][col] == TTT[1][col] == TTT[2][col]) and (TTT[0][col] is not None):
            # this column won
            winner = TTT[0][col]
            #draw winning line
            pg.draw.line (screen, (250,0,0),((col + 1)* width/3 - width/6, 0),\
                          ((col + 1)* width/3 - width/6, height), 4)
            break

    # check for diagonal winners
    if (TTT[0][0] == TTT[1][1] == TTT[2][2]) and (TTT[0][0] is not None):
        # game won diagonally left to right
        winner = TTT[0][0]
        pg.draw.line (screen, (250,70,70), (50, 50), (350, 350), 4)
       
    if (TTT[0][2] == TTT[1][1] == TTT[2][0]) and (TTT[0][2] is not None):
        # game won diagonally right to left
        winner = TTT[0][2]
        pg.draw.line (screen, (250,70,70), (350, 50), (50, 350), 4)
    
    if(all([all(row) for row in TTT]) and winner is None ):
        draw = True
    draw_status()

def drawXO(row,col):
    global TTT,XO
    if row==1:
        posx = 30
    if row==2:
        posx = width/3 + 30
    if row==3:
        posx = width/3*2 + 30
    if col==1:
        posy = 30
    if col==2:
        posy = height/3 + 30
    if col==3:
        posy = height/3*2 + 30
    TTT[row-1][col-1] = XO
    if(XO == 'x'):
        screen.blit(x_img,(posy,posx))
        XO= 'o'
    else:
        screen.blit(o_img,(posy,posx))
        XO= 'x'
    pg.display.update()
    #print(posx,posy)
    #print(TTT)

def userClick():
    #get coordinates of mouse click
    x,y = pg.mouse.get_pos()

    #get column of mouse click (1-3)
    if(x<width/3):
        col = 1
    elif (x<width/3*2):
        col = 2
    elif(x<width):
        col = 3
    else:
        col = None
        
    #get row of mouse click (1-3)
    if(y<height/3):
        row = 1
    elif (y<height/3*2):
        row = 2
    elif(y<height):
        row = 3
    else:
        row = None
    #print(row,col)
    
    if(row and col and TTT[row-1][col-1] is None):
        global XO
        
        #draw the x or o on screen
        drawXO(row,col)
        check_win()    

def reset_game():
    global TTT, winner,XO, draw
    time.sleep(3)
    XO = 'x'
    draw = False
    game_opening()
    winner=None
    TTT = [[None]*3,[None]*3,[None]*3]

game_opening()

# run the game loop forever
while(True):
    for event in pg.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pg.quit()
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            # the user clicked; place an X or O
            userClick()
            if(winner or draw):
                reset_game()
            
    pg.display.update()
    CLOCK.tick(fps)

Then run the python program and a window will open displaying the game.

Creating a Typing speed test game

A lot of people are interested in testing their typing speed, so we are creating a simple game using PyGame and Pylance library files. You can install the Pylance library file by using the below command in the cmd.

pip install pylance

Pylance is Microsoft's open-source static type checking tool.

As I said for the earlier game you need to open a new python file and also need to download the resource files to use the images and other resources. In the sentence file you can add the sentence you want to use to check your typing speed.

import pygame
import pylance
from pygame.locals import *
import sys
import time
import random

# 750 x 500    
    
class Game:
   
    def __init__(self):
        self.w=750
        self.h=500
        self.reset=True
        self.active = False
        self.input_text=''
        self.word = ''
        self.time_start = 0
        self.total_time = 0
        self.accuracy = '0%'
        self.results = 'Time:0 Accuracy:0 % Wpm:0 '
        self.wpm = 0
        self.end = False
        self.HEAD_C = (255,213,102)
        self.TEXT_C = (240,240,240)
        self.RESULT_C = (255,70,70)
        
       
        pygame.init()
        self.open_img = pygame.image.load('type-speed-open.png')
        self.open_img = pygame.transform.scale(self.open_img, (self.w,self.h))


        self.bg = pygame.image.load('background.jpg')
        self.bg = pygame.transform.scale(self.bg, (500,750))

        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.w,self.h))
        pygame.display.set_caption('Type Speed test')
       
        
    def draw_text(self, screen, msg, y ,fsize, color):
        font = pygame.font.Font(None, fsize)
        text = font.render(msg, 1,color)
        text_rect = text.get_rect(center=(self.w/2, y))
        screen.blit(text, text_rect)
        pygame.display.update()   
        
    def get_sentence(self):
        f = open('sentences.txt').read()
        sentences = f.split('\n')
        sentence = random.choice(sentences)
        return sentence

    def show_results(self, screen):
        if(not self.end):
            #Calculate time
            self.total_time = time.time() - self.time_start
               
            #Calculate accuracy
            count = 0
            for i,c in enumerate(self.word):
                try:
                    if self.input_text[i] == c:
                        count += 1
                except:
                    pass
            self.accuracy = count/len(self.word)*100
           
            #Calculate words per minute
            self.wpm = len(self.input_text)*60/(5*self.total_time)
            self.end = True
            print(self.total_time)
                
            self.results = 'Time:'+str(round(self.total_time)) +" secs   Accuracy:"+ str(round(self.accuracy)) + "%" + '   Wpm: ' + str(round(self.wpm))

            # draw icon image
            self.time_img = pygame.image.load('icon.png')
            self.time_img = pygame.transform.scale(self.time_img, (150,150))
            #screen.blit(self.time_img, (80,320))
            screen.blit(self.time_img, (self.w/2-75,self.h-140))
            self.draw_text(screen,"Reset", self.h - 70, 26, (100,100,100))
            
            print(self.results)
            pygame.display.update()

    def run(self):
        self.reset_game()
    
       
        self.running=True
        while(self.running):
            clock = pygame.time.Clock()
            self.screen.fill((0,0,0), (50,250,650,50))
            pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.HEAD_C, (50,250,650,50), 2)
            # update the text of user input
            self.draw_text(self.screen, self.input_text, 274, 26,(250,250,250))
            pygame.display.update()
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == QUIT:
                    self.running = False
                    sys.exit()
                elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                    x,y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                    # position of input box
                    if(x>=50 and x<=650 and y>=250 and y<=300):
                        self.active = True
                        self.input_text = ''
                        self.time_start = time.time() 
                     # position of reset box
                    if(x>=310 and x<=510 and y>=390 and self.end):
                        self.reset_game()
                        x,y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
         
                        
                elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                    if self.active and not self.end:
                        if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
                            print(self.input_text)
                            self.show_results(self.screen)
                            print(self.results)
                            self.draw_text(self.screen, self.results,350, 28, self.RESULT_C)  
                            self.end = True
                            
                        elif event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
                            self.input_text = self.input_text[:-1]
                        else:
                            try:
                                self.input_text += event.unicode
                            except:
                                pass
            
            pygame.display.update()
             
                
        clock.tick(60)

    def reset_game(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.open_img, (0,0))

        pygame.display.update()
        time.sleep(1)
        
        self.reset=False
        self.end = False

        self.input_text=''
        self.word = ''
        self.time_start = 0
        self.total_time = 0
        self.wpm = 0

        # Get random sentence 
        self.word = self.get_sentence()
        if (not self.word): self.reset_game()
        #drawing heading
        self.screen.fill((0,0,0))
        self.screen.blit(self.bg,(0,0))
        msg = "Typing Speed Test"
        self.draw_text(self.screen, msg,80, 80,self.HEAD_C)  
        # draw the rectangle for input box
        pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,(255,192,25), (50,250,650,50), 2)

        # draw the sentence string
        self.draw_text(self.screen, self.word,200, 28,self.TEXT_C)
        
        pygame.display.update()

Game().run()

Conclusion

By using the PyGame library file we can create a lot of fun games that involve a lot of learning. If we can use it in a proper way, we can create a lot of games. I will publish advanced level articles in the future for creating high level games. Thank you.