🔹 Introduction
MySQL is one of the most widely used Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) in the world. It is open-source and is primarily used to store, manage, and retrieve structured data. MySQL uses Structured Query Language (SQL) for interacting with databases and is known for being fast, reliable, and easy to use.
It was developed in 1995 by MySQL AB, a Swedish company, and later acquired by Oracle Corporation.
🔹 Features of MySQL
1. Open Source: Free to use under the GNU General Public License.
2. Cross-platform: Runs on Windows, Linux, macOS, and others.
3. High Performance: Handles large databases efficiently.
4. Scalability: Can manage small applications to enterprise-level projects.
5. Security: Provides user authentication and encryption.
6. Community Support: Large developer community and documentation.
🔹 MySQL Architecture
MySQL follows a client-server architecture.
Client: Sends requests (queries).
Server: Processes queries and sends back results.
Database Storage Engine: Stores and manages the actual data (commonly InnoDB and MyISAM engines).
🔹 Basic SQL Commands in MySQL
1. Create a Database
CREATE DATABASE school;
2. Create a Table
CREATE TABLE students (
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(50),
age INT,
grade VARCHAR(10)
);
3. Insert Data
INSERT INTO students (name, age, grade)
VALUES ('Rishima', 17, 'A');
4. Retrieve Data
SELECT *
FROM students;
5. Update Data
UPDATE students
SET grade = 'A+'
WHERE id = 1;
6. Delete Data
DELETE FROM students
WHERE id = 1;
🔹 Applications of MySQL
Web Applications: Used in platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube.
E-Commerce: Online stores (Shopify, WooCommerce).
Content Management Systems (CMS): WordPress, Joomla, Drupal.
Data Warehousing: For storing and analyzing large amounts of data.
🔹 Advantages of MySQL
✅ Easy to learn and use
✅ High reliability and performance
✅ Supports large databases (up to millions of rows)
✅ Strong security features
✅ Cost-effective