This happens occasionally or by accident, my son was playing with my laptop and after some time I saw all my desktop icons and folders disappeared. There were some important folders that I often used.
Here are the steps you need to follow to get your desktop icons and folders back.
Step 1. Right-click on the blank desktop screen.
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Step 2. Click on the View options, then click on "Show desktop icons".
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Step 3. The desktop icons and folders are back.