This happens occasionally or by accident, my son was playing with my laptop and after some time I saw all my desktop icons and folders disappeared. There were some important folders that I often used.
Here are the steps you need to follow to get your desktop icons and folders back.
Step 1. Right-click on the blank desktop screen.
Step 2. Click on the View options, then click on "Show desktop icons".
Step 3. The desktop icons and folders are back.