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What is the differnce between ref and out keyword in c#?

What is the differnce between ref and out keyword in c#?

Anil Kumar

Anil Kumar

7y709Learn iOS Programming

What is the differnce between ref and out keyword in c#?

3 Replies

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Ajay Gohil7y ago
Accepted answer
The main difference is that you have to initialize (or assign a value to) variable in the main method before passing it by ref keyword. However, you don’t have to initialize it in the main method if you are passing it by out parameter
static void Main(string[] args)

{

    int data= 5;



    string returnText1 = PrintNumber1(ref data);

    string returnText2 = PrintNumber2(out data);



    Console.WriteLine("Passed by ref: " + returnText1.ToString());

    Console.WriteLine("Passed by out: " + returnText2.ToString());



    Console.ReadLine();

}



public static string PrintNumber1(ref int data)

{

    // No initialization here



    return data.ToString();

}



public static string PrintNumber2(out int data)

{

    data= 6; // It must be initialized here



    return data.ToString();

}
output:

Passed by ref:5

Passed by out:6
+4
Chittaranjan Swain7y ago
Hi Anil,

Refer Below links,

Out keywords in C# The out is a keyword in C# which is used for the passing the arguments to methods as a reference type. It is generally used when a method returns multiple values. ... The ref is a keyword in C# which is used for the passing the arguments by a reference.

https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/ff2f08/ref-vs-out-keywords-in-C-Sharp/
https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/blogs/difference-between-ref-and-out-parameters
https://www.dotnettricks.com/learn/csharp/difference-between-ref-and-out-parameters
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Rajanikant Hawaldar7y ago
Hi Anil Kumar,
Go through through these articles which contains explaination with example let me know if you not understand.
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-ref-and-out-keywords-in-c-sharp/
https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/ff2f08/ref-vs-out-keywords-in-C-Sharp/
https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/blogs/difference-between-ref-and-out-parameters
https://csharp-station.com/ref-parameters-vs-out-parameters
https://www.dotnettricks.com/learn/csharp/difference-between-ref-and-out-parameters
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/135234/difference-between-ref-and-out-parameters-in-net
Thanks
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