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CSS Grid vs Flexbox — When to Use Which

In modern web design, CSS Grid and Flexbox are two powerful layout systems. But many designers and developers get confused: Which one should I use? This article will clear that up by comparing them in real-world use cases.

What is Flexbox?

Flexbox (Flexible Box Layout) is a one-dimensional layout model used to align items horizontally or vertically within a container.

.container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

Use Flexbox when?

  • You want to align items in a row or column.
  • You need responsive navigation menus, toolbars, or inline cards.
  • You’re designing components, not full-page layouts.

What is CSS Grid?

CSS Grid Layout is a two-dimensional system that lets you control rows and columns at the same time.

.container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
    gap: 10px;
}

Use Grid when?

  • You’re building full web page layouts.
  • You need precise row + column alignment.
  • You want to design asymmetrical or magazine-style layouts.

Key Differences

Feature Flexbox CSS Grid
Direction One-dimensional Two-dimensional
Use Case Component layout Page layout
Alignment Easier along one axis Full control in both axes
Content-first Layout Yes Not as flexible
Layout-first Design No Yes

Real Example: Card Layout

Flexbox version

.card-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 16px;
}

Grid version

.card-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 16px;
}

Final Thoughts

  • Use Flexbox for components and quick one-direction layouts.
  • Use Grid for complex layouts and grid-like page structures.
  • Combine both: Grid for layout, Flexbox for component alignment inside grid areas.

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