Alter Table Tablename Add columnname datatype

alter table table_name add column_name data_type

SQL: ALTER TABLE emp ADD DateOfBirth date

To insert the new column after a specific column, such as name, use this statement:

MySQl:
ALTER TABLE abc ADD empname  VARCHAR(60) AFTER deptname;

If you want the new column to be first, use this statement:
ALTER TABLE abc ADD empname VARCHAR(60) FIRST;

Renaming a table
ALTER TABLE abc RENAME TO xyz

SQL> Alter table table_name (id number, name varchar2(20));