Hi folks,
I recently acquired a touchatag reader which is in fact anr ACR122 NFC reader NFC disguised.
Unfortunately, the software supplied with the touchatag is not satisfacting, cause it only works on web applications.
So I have looked at the ACR122 technical detail, I have noted that works on USB CCID and compliant PC/SC. So that mean we have the ability to manipulate it through the DLL WINSCARD.
Following this discovery, I have begun to develop a small test program to communicate between my PC and the reader.
So far, I have managed to open a communication channel but all packages (ADPDU) sent to the reader come back with an error.
Example, when I want to get the firmware, I get the error 0x0A (See page 29 of the PDF below) and when I retrieve data, I get error 0x02 (A CRC error has-been detected).
My problem is that I don't understand why I get these errors.
Any ideas or suggestions are welcome. Thank you in advance for your help.
best regards,
Cédric.
Below, the PDF link « Application programming interface » of the reader ACR122:
http://www.acs.com.hk/drivers/eng/API_ACR122U.pdf
Ci-Below, C# code from the application test :
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace SimpleSmartcardDemo
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (SmartcardManager.EstablishContext())
{
//enumerating existing groups of readers
ArrayList readerGroups = SmartcardManager.ListReaderGroups();
if (readerGroups.Count != 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("Groups of readers:");
foreach (object group in readerGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}",
group.ToString());
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
//enumerating available readers
ArrayList readers = SmartcardManager.ListReaders();
if (readers.Count == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("No readers found.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Readers found:");
foreach (object reader in readers)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", reader.ToString());
if (SmartcardManager.EstablishConnexion(reader.ToString()))
{
Console.WriteLine("\tEstablishConnexion {0}", reader.ToString());
if (SmartcardManager.BeginTransaction())
{
Console.WriteLine("\tBeginTransaction {0}", reader.ToString());
if (SmartcardManager.Transmit())
Console.WriteLine("\tTransmit {0}", SmartcardManager._error);
if (SmartcardManager.EndTransaction())
Console.WriteLine("\tEndTransaction {0}", reader.ToString());
}
if (SmartcardManager.ReleaseConnexion())
Console.WriteLine("\tReleaseConnexion {0}", reader.ToString());
}
}
}
SmartcardManager.ReleaseContext();
}
Console.Write("\nPress any key...");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
public enum ResourceManagerContext
{
User = 0,
System = 2
}
public static class SmartcardManager
{
private static IntPtr _context;
private static IntPtr pCardHandle;
private static uint byActiveprotocol;
public static string _error = string.Empty;
public static bool EstablishContext()
{
ReleaseContext();
uint result = SCardEstablishContext(ResourceManagerContext.System,IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, ref _context);
return (result == 0);
}
public static bool EstablishConnexion(string szReader)
{
// 3 param : dwShareMode (SCARD_SHARE_SHARED, SCARD_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE, SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT)
// This application is allocating the reader for its private use, and will be controlling it directly. No other applications are allowed access to it.
// 4 param : dwPreferredProtocols (SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0, SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1, 0)
// T=0 protocol: An asynchronous, character-oriented half-duplex transmission protocol.
// T=1 protocol: An asynchronous, block-oriented half-duplex transmission protocol.
// 5 param : pCardHandle : A handle that identifies the connection to the smart card in the designated reader.
uint result = SCardConnect(_context, szReader, 2, (0x00000001), out pCardHandle, out byActiveprotocol);
return (result == 0);
// (0x00000001 | 0x00000002)
}
// The function waits for the completion of all other transactions before it begins.
// After the transaction starts, all other applications are blocked from accessing the smart card while the transaction is in progress.
public static bool BeginTransaction()
{
uint result = SCardBeginTransaction(SmartcardManager.pCardHandle);
return (result == 0);
}
public static bool EndTransaction()
{
// SCARD_LEAVE_CARD : No action occurs (0x0000)
uint result = SCardEndTransaction(SmartcardManager.pCardHandle, (0x0000));
return (result == 0);
}
public static bool ReleaseConnexion()
{
// SCARD_LEAVE_CARD : No action occurs (0x0000)
uint result = SCardEndTransaction(SmartcardManager.pCardHandle, (0x0000));
return (result == 0);
// Error : The specified reader is not currently available for use
}
public static void ReleaseContext()
{
if (_context != IntPtr.Zero)
{
SCardReleaseContext(_context);
_context = IntPtr.Zero;
}
}
public static ArrayList ListReaders()
{
int bufsize = 0;
//first call returns required buffer size
SCardListReaders(_context, null, null, ref bufsize);
String buffer = new String((char)0, bufsize);
//retrieving list of connected readers
uint result = SCardListReaders(_context, null, buffer, ref bufsize);
string[] readers = buffer.Split(new char[] { (char)0 }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
return new ArrayList(readers);
}
public static ArrayList ListReaderGroups()
{
int bufsize = 0;
//first call returns required buffer size
SCardListReaderGroups(_context, null, ref bufsize);
string buffer = new string((char)0, bufsize);
//retrieving list of existing groups of readers
uint result = SCardListReaderGroups(_context, buffer, ref bufsize);
string[] groups = buffer.Split(new char[] { (char)0 }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
return new ArrayList(groups);
}
public static bool Transmit()
{
// hCardHandle was set by a previous call to SCardConnect.
// A pointer to the protocol header structure for the instruction :
//The PCI info sent to the smart card,
//I get the address of this PCI from "Winscard.dll",
//and method "GetPciT0()" is defined bellow.
IntPtr pioSendPci = GetPciT0();
// A pointer to the actual data to be written to the card
byte[] pbsendBuffer = SmartcardManager.GetSendBuffer();
// The length, in bytes, of the pbSendBuffer parameter
uint pbsendBufLen = (uint)pbsendBuffer.Length;
// Pointer to the protocol header structure for the instruction, followed by a buffer in which to receive any returned protocol control information (PCI) specific to the protocol in use. This parameter can be NULL if no PCI is returned.
SCARD_IO_REQUEST pioRecvPci = new SCARD_IO_REQUEST(0, 0);
// Pointer to any data returned from the card
byte[] pbRecvBuffer = new byte[255];
// Supplies the length, in bytes, of the pbRecvBuffer parameter and receives the actual number of bytes received from the smart card.
uint pcbRecvLength = 255;
uint result = SCardTransmit(pCardHandle, pioSendPci, pbsendBuffer, pbsendBufLen, pioRecvPci, pbRecvBuffer, pcbRecvLength);
return (result == 0);
}
private static byte[] GetSendBuffer()
{
// APDU
// Get the firmware (0x0A)
/*
string cla = "FF"; // the instruction class (The T=0 instruction class)
string ins = "00"; // the instruction code (An instruction code in the T=0 instruction class)
string p1 = "48"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string p2 = "00"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string lc = "00"; // size of I/O transfer (The number of data bytes to be transmitted during the command, per ISO 7816-4, Section 8.2.1)
string body = "";
*/
// Get data (0x02)
string cla = "FF"; // the instruction class (The T=0 instruction class)
string ins = "CA"; // the instruction code (An instruction code in the T=0 instruction class)
string p1 = "00"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string p2 = "00"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string lc = "00"; // size of I/O transfer (The number of data bytes to be transmitted during the command, per ISO 7816-4, Section 8.2.1)
string body = "";
// Turn on green on RED and GREEN color LEDs (0x02)
/*
string cla = "FF"; // the instruction class (The T=0 instruction class)
string ins = "00"; // the instruction code (An instruction code in the T=0 instruction class)
string p1 = "40"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string p2 = "0F"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string lc = "04"; // size of I/O transfer (The number of data bytes to be transmitted during the command, per ISO 7816-4, Section 8.2.1)
string body = "00000000";
*/
// Get the current setting of the contactless interface (0x02)
/*
string cla = "FF"; // the instruction class (The T=0 instruction class)
string ins = "00"; // the instruction code (An instruction code in the T=0 instruction class)
string p1 = "00"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string p2 = "00"; // parameter to the instruction (Reference codes that complete the instruction code)
string lc = "02"; // size of I/O transfer (The number of data bytes to be transmitted during the command, per ISO 7816-4, Section 8.2.1)
string body = "D404";
*/
string script = String.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}{4}{5}", cla, ins, p1, p2,lc, body);
byte[] buffer = new byte[script.Length / 2];
for (int i = 0; i < script.Length; i = i + 2)
{
string temp = script.Substring(i, 2);
buffer[i / 2] = byte.Parse(temp, System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber);
}
return buffer;
}
//
// Private/Internal Types
//
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct SCARD_IO_REQUEST
{
public SCARD_IO_REQUEST(int protocol, int length)
{
this.protocol = protocol;
this.pciLength = length;
}
public int protocol;
public int pciLength;
}
//Get the address of Pci from "Winscard.dll".
static public IntPtr GetPciT0()
{
IntPtr handle = LoadLibrary("Winscard.dll");
IntPtr pci = GetProcAddress(handle, "g_rgSCardT0Pci");
FreeLibrary(handle);
return pci;
}
// Prototypes :
/*
* 1 - SCardEstablishContext
* 2 - SCardListReaders
* 3 - SCardConnect
* 4 - SCardBeginTransaction
* 5 - SCardTransmit
* 6 - SCardEndTransaction
* 7 - SCardDisconnect
*/
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static internal extern uint SCardEstablishContext(ResourceManagerContext scope, IntPtr reserved1, IntPtr reserved2, ref IntPtr context);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static internal extern uint SCardReleaseContext(IntPtr context);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static internal extern uint SCardListReaderGroups(IntPtr context, string groups, ref int size);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static internal extern uint SCardListReaders(IntPtr context, string groups, string readers, ref int size);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern uint SCardConnect(IntPtr hContext, string szReader, uint dwShareMode, uint dwPreferredProtocols, out IntPtr phCard, out uint pdwActiveProtocol);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern uint SCardBeginTransaction(IntPtr hCard);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern uint SCardEndTransaction(IntPtr hCard, uint dwDisposition);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern uint SCardDisconnect(IntPtr hCard, uint dwDisposition);
[DllImport("winscard.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern uint SCardTransmit(IntPtr hCard, IntPtr sendPci, byte[] sendBuffer, uint sbLength, [In, Out] SCARD_IO_REQUEST recvPci, [Out] byte[] pbRecvBuffer, [In, Out] uint rbLength);
//
//
//
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private extern static IntPtr LoadLibrary(string fileName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private extern static void FreeLibrary(IntPtr handle);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private extern static IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr handle, string procName);
}
}
4 Replies
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Mike GoldPosted Aug 5, 2010, 8:01 AM
but if any of the parameters in SCardTransmit is even slightly marshaled incorrectly, it won't work. One way to prove it to yourself, is to write a test in unmanaged code (like Visual C++) and create the same calls. See if this works first. Then worry about the marshaling.
Alex GorPosted Jul 11, 2016, 12:12 PM
cedric contePosted Aug 5, 2010, 3:01 AM
Mike GoldPosted Aug 4, 2010, 6:52 PM