ASP.NET MVC 5 Security And Creating User Role

-- =============================================                                
-- Author      : Shanu                                  
-- Create date : 2016-01-17                               
-- Description : To Create Database                          
                             
-- =============================================  
--Script to create DB,Table and sample Insert data  
USE MASTER;  
-- 1) Check for the Database Exists .If the database is exist then drop and create new DB  
IF EXISTS (SELECT [name] FROM sys.databases WHERE [name] = 'AttendanceDB' )  
BEGIN  
ALTER DATABASE AttendanceDB SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE  
DROP DATABASE AttendanceDB ;  
END  
  
  
CREATE DATABASE AttendanceDB  
GO  
  
USE AttendanceDB  
GO

<connectionStrings>  
    <add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="data source=YOURSERVERNAME;initial catalog=AttendanceDB;user id=UID;password=PWD;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"  /> 
</connectionStrings>

public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
{
    ConfigureAuth(app);
    createRolesandUsers();
}
// In this method we will create default User roles and Admin user for login
private void createRolesandUsers()
{
    ApplicationDbContext context = new ApplicationDbContext();
    var roleManager = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context));
    var UserManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context));
    // In Startup iam creating first Admin Role and creating a default Admin User
    if (!roleManager.RoleExists("Admin"))
    {
        // first we create Admin rool
        var role = new Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole();
        role.Name = "Admin";
        roleManager.Create(role);
        //Here we create a Admin super user who will maintain the website
        var user = new ApplicationUser();
        user.UserName = "shanu";
        user.Email = "[email protected]";
        string userPWD = "A@Z200711";
        var chkUser = UserManager.Create(user, userPWD);
        //Add default User to Role Admin
        if (chkUser.Succeeded)
        {
            var result1 = UserManager.AddToRole(user.Id, "Admin");
        }
    }
    // creating Creating Manager role
    if (!roleManager.RoleExists("Manager"))
    {
        var role = new Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole();
        role.Name = "Manager";    
        roleManager.Create(role);
    }
    // creating Creating Employee role
    if (!roleManager.RoleExists("Employee"))
    {
        var role = new Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole();
        role.Name = "Employee";
        roleManager.Create(role);
    }
}

@model shanuMVCUserRoles.Models.RegisterViewModel  
@{  
    ViewBag.Title = "Register";  
}  
  
<h2>@ViewBag.Title.</h2>  
  
@using (Html.BeginForm("Register", "Account", FormMethod.Post, new { @class = "form-horizontal", role = "form" }))  
{  
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()  
    <h4>Create a new account.</h4>  
    <hr />  
    @Html.ValidationSummary("", new { @class = "text-danger" })  
    <div class="form-group">  
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Email, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
        <div class="col-md-10">  
            @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.Email, new { @class = "form-control" })  
        </div>  
    </div>  
  
  
    <div class="form-group">  
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.UserName, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
        <div class="col-md-10">  
            @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.UserName, new { @class = "form-control" })  
        </div>  
    </div>  
    <div class="form-group">  
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Password, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
        <div class="col-md-10">  
            @Html.PasswordFor(m => m.Password, new { @class = "form-control" })  
        </div>  
    </div>  
    <div class="form-group">  
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.ConfirmPassword, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
        <div class="col-md-10">  
            @Html.PasswordFor(m => m.ConfirmPassword, new { @class = "form-control" })  
        </div>  
    </div>  
  
    <div class="form-group">  
        @Html.Label("user Role", new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
        <div class="col-md-10">  
            @*@Html.DropDownList("Name")*@  
            @Html.DropDownList("UserRoles", (SelectList)ViewBag.Name, " ")  
        </div>  
    </div>  
  
    <div class="form-group">  
        <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">  
            <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default" value="Register" />  
        </div>  
    </div>  
}  
  
@section Scripts {  
    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")  
}

public class RegisterViewModel    
{    
    [Required]    
    [Display(Name = "UserRoles")]    
    public string UserRoles { get; set; }    
  
    [Required]    
    [EmailAddress]    
    [Display(Name = "Email")]    
    public string Email { get; set; }    
  
    [Required]    
    [Display(Name = "UserName")]    
    public string UserName { get; set; }    
  
    [Required]    
    [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} characters long.", MinimumLength = 6)]    
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]    
    [Display(Name = "Password")]    
    public string Password { get; set; }    
  
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]    
    [Display(Name = "Confirm password")]    
    [Compare("Password", ErrorMessage = "The password and confirmation password do not match.")]    
    public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }    
}

Controller Part

Next in AccountController.cs first we get all the role names to be bound in ComboBox except Admin role and in register button click we will add the functionality to insert username and set user selected role in ASP.NET identity database.

Firstly, create an object for our ApplicationDBContext. Here, ApplicationDBContext is a class which is used to perform all ASP.NET Identity database functions like create user, roles, etc.

ApplicationDbContext context;  
public AccountController()  
{  
    context = new ApplicationDbContext();  
}

Register ActionResult method:

Using the ApplicationDBConterxt object we will get all the roles from database. For user registration we will not display the Admin roles. User can select rest of any role type during registration.

// GET: /Account/Register    
[AllowAnonymous]    
public ActionResult Register()    
{    
    ViewBag.Name = new SelectList(context.Roles.Where(u => !u.Name.Contains("Admin"))    
                                    .ToList(), "Name", "Name");    
    return View();    
}

Register User

By default the user email will be stored as username in AspNetUsers table. Here we will change to store the user entered name. After user was created successfully we will set the user selected role for the user.

// POST: /Account/Register    
[HttpPost]    
[AllowAnonymous]    
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]    
public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model)    
{    
    if (ModelState.IsValid)    
    {    
        var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = model.UserName, Email = model.Email };    
        var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);    
        if (result.Succeeded)    
        {    
            await SignInManager.SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false, rememberBrowser: false);    
  
            // For more information on how to enable account confirmation and password reset please visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=320771    
            // Send an email with this link    
            // string code = await UserManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user.Id);    
            // var callbackUrl = Url.Action("ConfirmEmail", "Account", new { userId = user.Id, code = code }, protocol: Request.Url.Scheme);    
            // await UserManager.SendEmailAsync(user.Id, "Confirm your account", "Please confirm your account by clicking <a href=\"" + callbackUrl + "\">here</a>");    
            //Assign Role to user Here       
            await this.UserManager.AddToRoleAsync(user.Id, model.UserRoles);    
            //Ends Here     
            return RedirectToAction("Index", "Users");    
        }    
        ViewBag.Name = new SelectList(context.Roles.Where(u => !u.Name.Contains("Admin"))    
                                  .ToList(), "Name", "Name");    
        AddErrors(result);    
    }    
  
    // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form    
    return View(model);    
}

Customize User login

In the same way as user registration we will customize user login to change email as username to enter. By default in ASP.NET MVC 5 for login user needs to enter email and password. Here we will customize for user by entering username and password. In this demo we are not using any other Facebook, Gmail or Twitter login so we will be using UserName instead of Email.

View Part

Here we will change the email with UserName in Login.cshtml. We can find the Login.cshtml file from the folder inside Views/Account/Login.cshtml,

@using shanuMVCUserRoles.Models  
@model LoginViewModel  
@{  
    ViewBag.Title = "Log in";  
}  
  
<h2>@ViewBag.Title</h2>  
<div class="row">  
    <div class="col-md-8">  
        <section id="loginForm">  
            @using (Html.BeginForm("Login", "Account", new { ReturnUrl = ViewBag.ReturnUrl }, FormMethod.Post, new { @class = "form-horizontal", role = "form" }))  
            {  
                @Html.AntiForgeryToken()  
                <h4>Use a local account to log in.</h4>  
                <hr />  
                @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })  
                <div class="form-group">  
                    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.UserName, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
                    <div class="col-md-10">  
                        @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.UserName, new { @class = "form-control" })  
                        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.UserName, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })  
                    </div>  
                </div>  
                <div class="form-group">  
                    @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Password, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })  
                    <div class="col-md-10">  
                        @Html.PasswordFor(m => m.Password, new { @class = "form-control" })  
                        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.Password, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })  
                    </div>  
                </div>  
                <div class="form-group">  
                    <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">  
                        <div class="checkbox">  
                            @Html.CheckBoxFor(m => m.RememberMe)  
                            @Html.LabelFor(m => m.RememberMe)  
                        </div>  
                    </div>  
                </div>  
                <div class="form-group">  
                    <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">  
                        <input type="submit" value="Log in" class="btn btn-default" />  
                    </div>  
                </div>  
                <p>  
                    @Html.ActionLink("Register as a new user", "Register")  
                </p>  
                @* Enable this once you have account confirmation enabled for password reset functionality  
                    <p>  
                        @Html.ActionLink("Forgot your password?", "ForgotPassword")  
                    </p>*@  
}  
        </section>  
    </div>  
    <div class="col-md-4">  
        <section id="socialLoginForm">  
            @Html.Partial("_ExternalLoginsListPartial", new ExternalLoginListViewModel { ReturnUrl = ViewBag.ReturnUrl })  
        </section>  
    </div>  
</div>  
  
@section Scripts {  
    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")  
}

Model Part

Same as Registration in AccountViewModel we need to find the loginViewModel to change the Email with UserName,

Here in the following code we can see that we have changed the Email property to UserName.

public class LoginViewModel    
{    
    [Required]    
    [Display(Name = "UserName")]    
  
    public string UserName { get; set; }    
  
    [Required]    
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]    
    [Display(Name = "Password")]    
    public string Password { get; set; }    
  
    [Display(Name = "Remember me?")]    
    public bool RememberMe { get; set; }    
}

Controller Part

In login button click we need to change the email with username to check from database for user Authentication. Here in the following code we can see as we changed the email with username after successful login we will be redirect to the user page. Next we will see how to create a user page and display the text and menu by user role.

// POST: /Account/Login    
[HttpPost]    
[AllowAnonymous]    
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]    
public async Task<ActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel model, string returnUrl)    
{    
    if (!ModelState.IsValid)    
    {    
        return View(model);    
    }    
  
    // This doesn't count login failures towards account lockout    
    // To enable password failures to trigger account lockout, change to shouldLockout: true    
    var result = await SignInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(model.UserName, model.Password, model.RememberMe, shouldLockout: false);    
    switch (result)    
    {    
        case SignInStatus.Success:    
            return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);    
        case SignInStatus.LockedOut:    
            return View("Lockout");    
        case SignInStatus.RequiresVerification:    
            return RedirectToAction("SendCode", new { ReturnUrl = returnUrl, RememberMe = model.RememberMe });    
        case SignInStatus.Failure:    
        default:    
            ModelState.AddModelError("", "Invalid login attempt.");    
            return View(model);    
    }    
}    
  
//    
// GET: /Account/VerifyCode    
[AllowAnonymous]    
public async Task<ActionResult> VerifyCode(string provider, string returnUrl, bool rememberMe)    
{    
    // Require that the user has already logged in via username/password or external login    
    if (!await SignInManager.HasBeenVerifiedAsync())    
    {    
        return View("Error");    
    }    
    return View(new VerifyCodeViewModel { Provider = provider, ReturnUrl = returnUrl, RememberMe = rememberMe });    
}

Authenticated and Authorized User page

Here we create a new page for displaying message of Authenticated and Authorized user by their role.

If the logged in user role is Admin, then we will display the welcome message for Admin and display the menu forcreating new roles.

If the logged in users roles are Manager, Employee, Accounts, etc. then we will display a welcome message for them.

Firstly, create a new Empty Controller named “userscontroller.cs”. In this controller first we add the [Authorize] at the top of controller for checking the valid users.

Creating our View: Right click on index ActionResult and create a view .

In view we check for the ViewBag.displayMenu value. If the value is “Yes", then we display the Admin welcome message and a link for creating new Menu. If the ViewBag.displayMenu is “No, then display other users name with welcome message.

@{  
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";  
}
@if (ViewBag.displayMenu == "Yes")  
{  
    <h1>Welcome Admin. Now you can create user Role.</h1>  
    <h3>  
        <li>@Html.ActionLink("Manage Role", "Index", "Role")</li>  
    </h3>  
}  
else  
{  
    <h2>  Welcome <strong>@ViewBag.Name</strong> :) .We will add user module soon </h2>  
}

Controller part

In controller we will check the user is logged in to the system or not. If the user did not log in, then

Display the message as “Not Logged In” and if the user is authenticated, then we check the logged in users role. If the users role is “Admin", then we set ViewBag.displayMenu = "Yes", else we set ViewBag.displayMenu = "No".

public ActionResult Index()    
{    
    if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)    
    {    
        var user = User.Identity;    
        ViewBag.Name = user.Name;    
        
        ViewBag.displayMenu = "No";    
  
        if (isAdminUser())    
        {    
            ViewBag.displayMenu = "Yes";    
        }    
        return View();    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        ViewBag.Name = "Not Logged IN";    
    }    
    return View();    
  
}

For checking the user is logged in we create method and return the Boolean value to our main Index method.

public Boolean isAdminUser()    
{    
    if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)    
    {    
        var user = User.Identity;    
        ApplicationDbContext context = new ApplicationDbContext();    
        var UserManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context));    
        var s = UserManager.GetRoles(user.GetUserId());    
        if (s[0].ToString() == "Admin")    
        {    
            return true;    
        }    
        else    
        {    
            return false;    
        }    
    }    
    return false;    
}

Admin users can create Roles

We already saw that if the Admin user is logged in then we will display the link for creating new users. For admin login we have already created a default user with UserName as "shanu" and password as "A@Z200711",

For creating user role by admin first we will add a new empty controller and named it RoleController.cs,

In this controller we check that the user role is Admin. If the logged in user role is Admin, then we will get all the role names using ApplicationDbContext object.

public ActionResult Index()    
{    
  
    if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)    
    {    
  
  
        if (!isAdminUser())    
        {    
            return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");    
        }    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");    
    }    
  
    var Roles = context.Roles.ToList();    
    return View(Roles);    
  
}

In view we bind all the user roles inside html table.

@model IEnumerable<Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole>  
@{  
    ViewBag.Title = "Add Role";  
}  
<table style=" background-color:#FFFFFF; border: dashed 3px #6D7B8D; padding: 5px;width: 99%;table-layout:fixed;" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="6">  
    <tr style="height: 30px; background-color:#336699 ; color:#FFFFFF ;border: solid 1px #659EC7;">  
        <td align="center" colspan="2">  
            <h2> Create User Roles</h2>  
        </td>  
  
    </tr>  
  
    <tr>  
        <td>  
            <table id="tbrole" style="width:100%; border:dotted 1px; background-color:gainsboro; padding-left:10px;">  
  
                @foreach (var item in Model)  
                {  
                    <tr>  
                        <td style="width:100%; border:dotted 1px;">  
                            @item.Name  
                        </td>  
                    </tr>}  
            </table>  
        </td>  
        <td align="right" style="color:#FFFFFF;padding-right:10;">  
  
  
            <h3>   @Html.ActionLink("Click to Create New Role", "Create", "Role") </h3>  
        </td>  
    </tr>  
</table>

Conclusion

Firstly, create a sample AttendanceDB Database in your SQL Server. In the Web.Config file change the DefaultConnection connection string with your SQL Server Connections. In Startup.cs file I have created default Admin user with UserName "shanu" and password "A@Z200711." This UserName and password will be used to login as Admin user. You can change this user name and password as you like. For security reasons after logging in as Admin you can change the Admin user password as you like,